Friday Factoids

CMS

Friday Factoids

David Ermer–ACA, CDC, CMS, COVID-19, FDA, Federal employment benefits, Medical / Rx research, Obesity, U.S. Healthcare–

From Washington, DC

  • NBC 10 Buffalo NY reports
    • Capital District Physicians’ Health Plan (CDPHP) will no longer be offering its plan for Federal Government employees. A spokesperson for CDPHP said this affects about 6,000 members.
    • “At the beginning of 2024, due to compounding regulations and rising administrative costs, CDPHP made the difficult decision to exit the Federal plan at the end of this plan year,” said the spokesperson. “Federal plan employees will need to select a new plan/carrier during this year’s Open Season.”
    • The FEHBlog remembers an OPM FEHB carrier conference which featured a CDPHP speaker due to the quality of the Plan’s services.
    • OPM does pile benefit and administrative costs on FEHB carriers. The straw that may have broken the camel’s back was OPM’s January 2023 mandate to cover GLP-1 drugs for obesity. That unexpected cost still reverberates in FEHB premiums today.
    • The FEHBlog is not saying that OPM should not have mandated GLP-1 drugs for obesity. The FEHBlog is saying that OPM should have put that mandate in a call letter for benefit and rate proposals so that plans could build the cost into their premiums as federal procurement law requires.
  • The OPM Inspector General weighed in again on the Postal Service Health Benefits Program implementation process.
  • The Miller and Chevalier law firm lets us know,
    • “On October 17, 2024, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issued Notice 2024-75 to expand preventive care benefits permitted by a high deductible health plan (HDHP) under section 223(c)(2)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code. The guidance states that over-the-counter (OTC) contraceptives and male condoms, types of breast cancer screenings beyond mammography, and certain types of diabetes care all qualify as preventive care.” * * *
    • “Notice 2024-75 is generally effective for plan years that begin on or after December 30, 2022.”
    • “In related concurrent guidance, the IRS issued Notice 2024-71, which provides a safe harbor for amounts paid for condoms by use by the taxpayer, spouse, or dependent under section 213(d) of the Code. “
  • The American Hospital Association tells us,
    • “The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Oct. 25 launched a preview of health coverage options available through the Open Enrollment Period for the HealthCare.gov marketplaces, set to open on Nov. 1. The Administration also announced Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals recipients will be eligible to enroll in a marketplace plan and may be eligible for other benefits to lower health insurance out of pocket costs. As part of this year’s open enrollment, CMS updated the HealthCare.gov webpage and made it mobile-friendly to ease the enrollment process. The ACA marketplace open enrollment runs from Nov. 1 to Jan. 15.”
  • Here is a link to the related CMS fact sheet.
  • Per JD Supra,
    • “On October 15, Maryland Attorney General Anthony G. Brown announced that his office reached a $27 million settlement with Precision Toxicology to resolve allegations that it submitted false claims to government health programs for medically unnecessary urine drug tests and provided illegal kickbacks to physicians.
    • “Precision Toxicology, headquartered in San Diego, CA, is one of the nation’s largest urine drug testing laboratories. According to the fact recitation in the settlement documents, Precision allegedly submitted false claims for drug tests to Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (FEHBP), and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for a period of approximately 10 years. The drug test claims submitted to the programs were allegedly medically unreasonable and unnecessary. Specifically, Precision allegedly utilized nonallowable blanket orders for urine drug tests without physician authorization and offered free point-of-care drug test cups to physicians in exchange for referrals, in violation of the Anti-Kickback Statute.”

From the public health and medical research front,

  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced today,
    • “COVID-19 activity is declining in most areas. Minimal seasonal influenza activity is occurring nationally. Signs of increased RSV activity have been detected in the southeastern United States, particularly in young children. Respiratory infections caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae have increased in the United States, especially in young children.
    • “COVID-19
      • “Nationally, COVID-19 activity has continued declining in most areas. Wastewater levels, laboratory percent positivity, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations are continuing to decrease nationally while deaths remain at low levels. Nationally, COVID-19 infections are predicted to be growing slowly from a low level.
      • “The XEC variant is predicted to increase to 14-22% among circulating viruses as of October 26, 2024. Because XEC is recombined from two JN.1 lineage viruses, the 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccines that already include JN.1 strains are still expected to provide protection. Similarly, there are no impacts currently expected on tests, treatments, or symptoms at this time. For additional information, please see CDC COVID Data Tracker: Variant Proportions. There are many effective tools to prevent spreading COVID-19 or becoming seriously ill.
    • “Influenza
    • “RSV
      • “Nationally, RSV activity is low. However, signs of increased RSV activity have been detected in the southeastern U.S., particularly in young children.
    • “Vaccination
  • The University of Minnesota’s CIDRAP adds,
    • Wastewater detections [of the COVID virus] remain at low levels nationally, but detections tracking a bit higher in the West and Midwest compared to other regions, according to CDC data. Similarly, WastewaterSCAN, a national wastewater monitoring system based at Stanford University in partnership with Emory University, said its monitoring has the nation at the medium level, with a downward trend over the past 3 weeks. It said the South and West are now in the low category.
  • The Food and Drug Administration informs us,
    • “Today, the FDA updated the advisory for the outbreak of E. coli O157:H7. A specific ingredient has not yet been confirmed as the source of the outbreak, but most sick people report eating McDonald’s Quarter Pounder burgers. Investigators are working to determine if the slivered onions or beef patties on Quarter Pounder burgers are the likely source of contamination. McDonald’s has temporarily stopped using Quarter Pounder slivered onions and beef patties in affected states. Diced onions and other types of beef patties used at McDonald’s have not been implicated in this outbreak. Additionally, Taylor Farms has initiated a voluntary recall of some onions sent to food service customers. Customers who are impacted have been contacted directly. As of Oct. 24, 75 people infected with the outbreak strain of E. coli O157:H7 have been reported from 13 states. Illnesses started on dates ranging from Sept. 27, 2024, to Oct. 10, 2024. Of 61 people with information available, 22 have been hospitalized and two people developed hemolytic uremic syndrome, a serious condition that can cause kidney failure. One death has been reported from an older adult in Colorado. Of the 42 people interviewed, all 42 (100%) report eating at McDonald’s and 39 people report eating a beef hamburger. Consumers who have already eaten at McDonald’s and have symptoms of E. coli infection should contact their health care provider to report their symptoms and receive care immediately. The FDA is working closely with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Food Safety and Inspection Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and state partners to determine if the slivered onions or beef patties on Quarter Pounder burgers are the likely source of contamination. Additional information will be published in the advisory as it becomes available.” 
  • The American Medical Association offers “top health tips that pediatricians want parents to know.”
  • Per Fierce Pharma,
    • “Despite recent concerns from the FDA about potential off-label use and antimicrobial resistance, Dublin-based Iterum Therapeutics has scored a green light for its oral antibiotic sulopenem.
    • “Sulopenem, which will now go by the commercial moniker Orlynvah, was approved by the FDA Friday to treat uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs) caused by E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae or Proteus mirabilis in adult women who have limited or no alternative antibacterial treatment options.
    • “The FDA nod—Iterum’s first—marks the second approval this year for a uUTI medicine after two decades of stagnation in the field. It also represents the first U.S. approval for an oral penem—a class of antibiotics.
    • “Back in April, the FDA approved Utility Therapeutics’ Pivya (pivmecillinam). The penicillin antibiotic underpinning Utility’s drug had never before been cleared in the U.S., despite being approved in Europe for more than 40 years.”
  • Medscape tells us,
    • “The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is on the rise, and recent joint guidelines from the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) stress the role of primary care clinicians in prevention and management.
    • “One in three White and one in five Black Americans will develop AF in their lifetime, and the projected number of individuals diagnosed with AF in the United States is expected to double by 2050.
    • “Cardiologists who spoke to Medscape Medical News said primary care clinicians can help control AF by focusing on diabetes and hypertension, along with lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and alcohol intake.
    • “It’s not just a rhythm abnormality, but a complex disease that needs to be addressed in a multidisciplinary, holistic way,” said Jose Joglar, MD, a professor in the Department of Internal Medicine at the UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas and lead author of the guidelines.
    • Joglar said primary care clinicians can play an important role in counseling on lifestyle changes for patients with the most common etiologies such as poorly controlled hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.”
  • STAT News lets us know,
    • “For people with obesity, surgeries that shrink, reshape, or otherwise alter the anatomy of the stomach have long reigned supreme as the surest way to weight loss. But in the last few years, with the approval of GLP-1 drugs like Wegovy and Zepbound, more and more people are opting for obesity medicines over gold-standard surgical treatments. 
    • “On a population level, among a subset of commercially insured individuals, that is the tradeoff that is happening” said Thomas Tsai, the lead author of a new study that looked at health records of 17 million privately insured Americans with obesity. It found that between 2022 and 2023, as prescriptions for GLP-1 drugs more than doubled, rates of bariatric surgery fell by 25.6%.
    • “The findings, published Wednesday in JAMA Network Open, mark a sharp turnaround from trends over the last decade, and spell an uncertain future for hospitals and clinics that derive a significant portion of their revenues from such procedures.”

From the U.S. healthcare business front

  • Beckers Payer Issues relates,
    • “Centene reported $713 million in net income in the third quarter, per its earnings report published Oct. 25.
    • “Total revenues in the third quarter were $42 billion, up 10.5% year over year.
    • “Total net earnings in the third quarter were $713 million, up 52% since the same period last year.
    • “The company reaffirmed its year-end adjusted EPS guidance of greater than $6.80.
    • ‘The company’s medical loss ratio was 89.2% in the third quarter and 87% during the same period last year.”
  • Per Healthcare Dive,
    • “Medicaid payment rates have yet to catch up with rising costs in the safety-net insurance program. However, conservative planning — along with business growth — yielded a surprisingly positive third quarter for health insurer Molina, according to analysts.
    • “Molina beat Wall Street expectations for earnings and revenue with a topline of $10.3 billion in the quarter, up 21% year over year, thanks in part to higher premiums. Profit of $326 million was up 33% year over year.
    • “Molina appears to be “beating the odds again” in Medicaid, Jefferies analyst David Windley said in a note on the payer’s results.”
  • Beckers Hospital Review points out that “Nashville, Tenn.-based HCA Healthcare posted an operating income of $1.9 billion (10.9% operating margin) in the third quarter of 2024, up from an operating income of $1.6 billion (10.1% margin) over the same period last year, according to its Oct. 25 financial report.”
  • Per MedTech Dive,
    • “Baxter plans to restart its highest throughput manufacturing line for IV solutions within the next week, “barring any unanticipated developments,” the company said on Thursday.
    • “Baxter is working to restore production at a North Carolina plant that makes about 60% of the U.S. supply of IV fluids, and is an important supplier of peritoneal dialysis solutions, according to the American Hospital Association.
    • “The company still has not shared a timeline for restoring full production at the facility after it was flooded by Hurricane Helene in early October. Baxter’s goal is to begin resuming production in phases by the end of the year.”
  • The Washington Post offers an interview with JC Scott, president and CEO of the Pharmaceutical Care Management Association (PCMA), the PBM trade association.
  • Beckers Payers Issues shares executive opinions on “opportunities payers can seize next year.”
  • Per Healthcare Dive,
    • “Cost management company MultiPlan is facing yet another lawsuit for allegedly conspiring to underpay providers — this time, from the largest physician association in the United States.
    • “The American Medical Association’s complaint, filed Thursday in an Illinois district court, accuses MultiPlan of colluding with major health insurers to set artificially low reimbursement rates for out-of-network care, forcing providers to accept payments that often don’t cover their operating costs.
    • “The litigation, which asks the judge for an injunction requiring MultiPlan to halt the illegal practices, is the latest in a long string of suits against the company. Congress is also scrutinizing MultiPlan, which denies the allegations.”

Midweek Update

David Ermer–ACA, CMS, FDA, Federal employment benefits, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, SDOH, U.S. Healthcare–

From Washington, DC

  • CBS News lets us know,
    • “The Biden administration says it has invoked the wartime powers of the Defense Production Act to speed rebuilding of a major American factory of intravenous fluids that was wrecked by Hurricane Helene last month. Damage to the plant in North Carolina has worsened a nationwide shortage of IV fluids, and hospitals say they are still postponing some surgeries and other procedures as a result. 
    • “Some 60% of the nation’s IV supplies had relied on production from the plant, run by medical supplier Baxter, before it was damaged by the storm.”
  • CMS released its “Final 2026 Actuarial Value Calculator Methodology.”
  • CMS announced,
    • “Today, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), through the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), approved section 1115 demonstration amendments that allow, for the first time ever, Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) coverage of traditional health care practices provided by Indian Health Service (IHS) facilities, Tribal facilities, and urban Indian organizations (UIO). Today’s action is expected to improve access to culturally appropriate health care and improve the quality of care and health outcomes for tribal communities in Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Oregon, and will support IHS, Tribal, and UIO facilities in serving their patients. 
    • “Traditional health care practices have been a way of life in many communities. And they are extremely important for American Indian and Alaska Native populations,” said HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra. “But, too often, health insurance does not cover them. With Medicaid and CHIP’s inclusion of traditional health care practices at certain IHS facilities, we are extending access to culturally appropriate, quality health care in Tribal communities.”
  • The Wall Street Journal reports,
    • “Novavax said federal regulators put a clinical hold on its application for a combination Covid-19 and influenza vaccine and stand-alone flu inoculation, sending shares down sharply.
    • “The vaccine maker on Wednesday said the Food and Drug Administration placed the hold because of a report of a “serious adverse event” of motor neuropathy in one clinical-trial participant outside the U.S., who received the vaccine in January of 2023.
    • “This participant was part of a Phase 2 trial for the combination vaccine that was completed in July 2023 and reported the adverse event in September of this year, the Gaithersburg, Md., company said.
    • “While we do not believe causality has been established for this serious adverse event, we are committed to working expeditiously to fulfill requests for more information from the FDA,” Novavax Chief Medical Officer Robert Walker said. “Our goal is to successfully resolve this matter and to start our Phase 3 trial as soon as possible.”
  • Reg Jones, writing in FedWeek, explains how court orders can impact federal retirement benefits.

From the public health and medical research front,

  • The Wall Street Journal tells us
    • “Frozen shoulder, a painful condition that immobilizes the shoulder joint, tends to strike midlife women.
    • “Treatments for frozen shoulder include steroid injections and physical therapy.
    • “Preliminary data suggests that hormone therapy might help prevent frozen shoulder in midlife women.”
  • and
    • “Scientists hope body tissues grown in labs will become a familiar sight in medicine. 
    • “Researchers around the world are working to grow heart valves, lungs and more from human cells. They have succeeded in bringing some to market such as knee cartilage and skin grafts, but advances for more complicated anatomy have been slow-going for years. 
    • “Now scientists are gaining ground in tissue engineering that could help a host of people who deal with circulatory-system problems.”
  • The American Medical Association offers “four steps to care for patients with prolonged symptoms of Lyme disease.”
  • BioPharma Dive notes,
    • “The Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday approved a new device to treat non-small cell lung cancer, Novocure’s Optune Lua, which creates electric fields that its manufacturer says disrupts malignant cell division. The FDA cleared the device for use with immunotherapy or chemotherapy in people whose cancer has spread and progressed following chemo.
    • “Approval was based on results from “Lunar,” a Phase 3 trial in which people who used the device with standard therapies had a 26% reduced risk of death over a median follow up of around 10 months. The results were controversial, however, because the trial included concurrent care with immunotherapies, which are typically used as a first-line treatment, as well as chemo.”
  • Per MedPage Today,
    • The long-term risk of distant recurrence for women with early breast cancer has declined significantly, a decades-long analysis of clinical trial data showed, largely a result of patients enrolling with lower-risk disease along with improved adjuvant therapy.
  • KFF discusses how “More Mobile Clinics Are Bringing Long-Acting Birth Control to Rural Areas.”
  • Per Health Day,
    • “Most Americans 50 and older don’t place much trust in health advice generated by artificial intelligence, a new survey finds.
    • “About 74% of middle-aged and senior Americans would have very little to no trust in health info generated by AI, the University of Michigan poll found.
    • “At the same time, these older adults have a lot of confidence in their ability to suss out bad info about health matters.
    • “Only 20% said they had little to no confidence they could spot misinformation about a health topic if they came across it.
    • “Among all older adults who’d scanned the web recently for health info, only 32% said it’s very easy to find accurate advice.
    • “Amid this lack of trust, our findings also highlight the key role that health care providers and pharmacists play as trusted health messengers in older adults’ lives, and even the role that friends or family with medical backgrounds can play,” said poll director Dr. Jeffrey Kullgren, an associate professor of internal medicine at the University of Michigan.”

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • Fierce Healthcare alerts us that U.S. News and World Report has released its Medicare Advantage and Part D plan ratings.
  • Beckers Hospital Review reports,
    • “UnitedHealth Group is seeing “unusually aggressive and high unit cost asks” from hospitals, CEO Andrew Witty said. 
    • “On an Oct. 15 call with investors, Mr. Witty said UnitedHealth wants to find a “new way of working with hospitals.” 
    • “We want to see less abrasion in the marketplace,” Mr. Witty said. “We believe that ought to come with more competitive rates in the marketplace.” 
    • “UnitedHealth reported its third-quarter earnings Oct. 15. CFO John Rex said medical costs rose in the third quarter, driven by increased pharmacy costs, Medicaid rates and an increase in coding intensity by hospitals.” * * *
    • “Mr. Witty told investors UnitedHealth wants to collaborate with hospitals to drive better value for the healthcare system. The company’s newly launched gold card program, which relaxes prior authorization requirements for some providers, is one example of this collaboration, Mr. Witty said. 
    • “The company is also seeking out partnerships with drug manufacturers to bring down prescription spending, Mr. Witty said. 
    • “Whether that be with drug companies that are interested in new ways of working to bring down costs, or whether that’s with hospital systems who want to work with us to reimagine what the patient experience, what the doctor experience is — [that’s] all part of bringing down the unit cost. Those are areas that are super important for the long run,” Mr. Witty said.” 
  • Per Fierce Pharma,
    • “With Gilead Sciences sprinting to a likely approval next year for its long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) drug for HIV, the California company has a chance to one-up GSK. While the British company’s long-acting Apretude is injected every two months, Gilead’s answer is dosed just twice a year.
    • “Later this decade, GSK hopes to launch PrEP options that have four and six months of staying power. But, until then, it will do battle with Apretude (cabotegravir long-acting), which has just excelled in several real-world studies.
    • “In two real-world evidence studies of nearly 1,300 people, Apretude has shown better than 99% effectiveness in preventing HIV infections. GSK’s ViiV Healthcare unit also presented findings from the PILLAR implementation study, which show reductions in stigma and anxiety among users of the treatment. The new results are being presented Wednesday through Saturday in Los Angeles during IDWeek 2024.
    • “The results add to the positive momentum for Apretude, which was approved in December 2021 as the first long-acting PrEP option for HIV. The drug offers an alternative to daily pills such as Gilead’s Truvada and its follow-on Descovy.”
  • Investing.com relates,
    • “Aetna, a CVS Health company (NYSE: NYSE:CVS), has introduced a new health plan option called SimplePay Health, aimed at self-insured customers to potentially lower health care costs, enhance health outcomes, and streamline the health care experience. This plan offers a unique payment approach and tools for selecting high-quality health care providers.
    • “SimplePay Health, which is part of Aetna’s expanding portfolio, is designed to offer price certainty and simplicity for members. It features a copay-only structure with no deductibles or coinsurance, providing members with clear cost information for services prior to visits or treatments. The copay encompasses all aspects of a service, such as hospital visits or specialty services like labs.
    • “The plan claims to have resulted in a 60 percent increase in the use of top-quality providers and a 12 percent reduction in total care costs for employers and members. Members are equipped with an app to find providers based on cost and outcome quality, and they receive a single monthly statement summarizing all medical and pharmacy claims, similar to a credit card statement but with no interest and no payment due at the time of service.
    • “Aetna asserts that SimplePay Health enhances the overall health care experience by offering transparent cost insights and quality information to aid members in making informed decisions. Additionally, the plan includes a 0% interest rate line of credit benefit for paying balances, which is integrated into the medical plan.”

Tuesday Tidbits

David Ermer–CMS, Congress, FDA, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, NIH, Rx coverage, U.S. Healthcare–
Photo by Patrick Fore on Unsplash

From Washington, DC

  • MedPage Today tells us,
    • “A majority of House members urged House leaders to not only reverse a proposed 2.8% cut in the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS), but also to pass a law that would avoid such cuts in the future.
    • “Increased instability in the healthcare sector due to looming cost hikes impacts the ability of physicians and clinicians to provide the highest quality of care and threatens patient access to affordable healthcare,” read a bipartisan letter signed by 233 House members and spearheaded by Reps. Mariannette Miller-Meeks, MD (R-Iowa) and Jimmy Panetta (D-Calif.). “In lieu of these harmful cuts, which, absent federal legislation, will take effect on January 1, 2025, Congress must pass a bill providing physicians and other clinicians with a payment update that takes into account the cost of actually delivering care to patients.” The letter, which was dated October 11 and made public on Tuesday, was sent to House Speaker Mike Johnson (R-La.) and House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.).”
  • KFF issued a report on trends in Medicaid outpatient prescription drug spending. Medicaid drug spending is a bellwether because federal law requires that Medicaid receives best pricing from drug manufacturers.
  • The Wall Street Journal offers advice on navigating the Medicare open enrollment period which began today.

From the public health and medical research front,

  • Beckers Hospital Review tells us,
    • “Baxter International started to import IV fluids last week from two of its international manufacturing facilities to address supply shortages in the U.S. 
    • “In coordination with HHS, the FDA and the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, Baxter said it has activated seven plants globally to increase inventory. Recent FDA authorization permits the temporary importation from five Baxter facilities located in Canada, China, Ireland and the U.K., covering 19 IV solution and dialysis production codes. 
    • “The company is also ramping up production and utilizing air and other transportation methods to expedite delivery, according to an Oct. 14 update from the company.”
  • The Washington Post offers more details on “10 million pounds of meat recalled over listeria concern. BrucePac, which produces precooked meat and poultry items, is recalling some products from retailers including Walmart, Target, Aldi, Trader Joe’s and Kroger.”
  • STAT New shares eleven expert opinions “on why gains in cardiovascular disease are stalling and what we can do about it.”
    • “[T]he consensus of the experts interviewed — including Pinney — is that heart disease is far higher than it should be given the tools we have. This is compounded by a disconnect that has formed in the public’s mind between threat and perception. This year, an American Heart Association survey revealed that just over half of Americans are unaware that heart disease remains the leading cause of death, outstripping cancer. 
    • “Nor are most people aware of the vulnerability of particular groups.  “People don’t know that cardiovascular disease is actually the leading cause of mortality in pregnant or postpartum women,” said Janet Wei, assistant medical director of the Biomedical Imaging Research Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.
    • “If current trends continue, the heart association estimates, by 2050 at least 6 in 10 U.S. adults will live and die with cardiovascular disease of some type, reflecting an older population burdened by high blood pressure and obesity, despite what we know about those conditions predicting disease.”
  • The Washington Post reports on “digital twinning” of human body organs.
    • “Doctors can create a “digital twin” of your heart and other organs to reduce guesswork during surgery. The technology may transform health care.
    • “Digital twinning has come of age in medicine during the last several years, moving into models for lungs, livers, brains, joints, eyes, blood vessels and other body parts. A virtual twin of an entire human being is somewhere in the future. The technology is also being used to test new medical devices and even drugs, with computer models powerful enough to predict a new molecule’s impact on organs and cells. It holds the potential to scale back, or even replace, the use of animals in experiments and humans in clinical trials.
    • “The technology “is revolutionary,” said Ellen Kuhl, a Stanford University professor of engineering, who is modeling the way a heart translates electrical impulses into physical pumping. “If you do this right, the models you create generalize to a wide population.”
  • Per NIH press releases,
    • “Alzheimer’s disease may damage the brain in two distinct phases, based on new research funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) using sophisticated brain mapping tools. According to researchers who discovered this new view, the first, early phase happens slowly and silently — before people experience memory problems — harming just a few vulnerable cell types. In contrast, the second, late phase causes damage that is more widely destructive and coincides with the appearance of symptoms and the rapid accumulation of plaques, tangles, and other Alzheimer’s hallmarks.
    • “One of the challenges to diagnosing and treating Alzheimer’s is that much of the damage to the brain happens well before symptoms occur. The ability to detect these early changes means that, for the first time, we can see what is happening to a person’s brain during the earliest periods of the disease,” said Richard J. Hodes, M.D., director, NIH National Institute on Aging. “The results fundamentally alter scientists’ understanding of how Alzheimer’s harms the brain and will guide the development of new treatments for this devastating disorder.”
  • and
  • NIH also shares “Research in Context: Can we slow aging?”
  • KFF released an issue brief about “Teens, Drugs, and Overdose: Contrasting Pre-Pandemic and Current Trends.”
    • “This issue brief analyzes CDC WONDER data – including provisional data from 2023 – and data from national surveys of adolescent youth to highlight trends in substance use and overdose deaths. It explores how and where teenagers receive substance use information and treatment and how school settings can be leveraged to enhance prevention measures. Lastly, it examines federal and state prevention efforts and social media’s role in the drug crisis.”

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • Healthcare Dive informs us,
    • “UnitedHealth Group lowered the top end of its adjusted profit guidance for 2024 on Tuesday as the healthcare giant continues to deal with the fallout from a cyberattack on subsidiary Change Healthcare.
    • “The company decreased its adjusted net earnings outlook to $27.50 to $27.75 per share for this year, compared with its previous $27.50 to $28 range. The updated guidance includes $0.75 per share in impacts from the cyberattack on technology firm and claims professor Change, about a $0.10 per share increase from UnitedHealth’s estimate last quarter. 
    • “But the insurer still beat investor expectations on revenue and earnings per share in the third quarter, driven by expansion in people served in UnitedHealthcare and its health services unit Optum.”
  • and
    • “CVS Health is discontinuing certain infusion services offered through its Coram business and also plans to close or sell 29 pharmacies in the coming months, a spokesperson confirmed to Healthcare Dive.
    • “The retail giant stopped accepting new patients for its antibiotics, inotropic medications, total parenteral nutrition and acute home infusion therapies programs last week. Coram will continue to provide infusion services for specialty medications and enteral nutrition. 
    • “CVS Health may conduct layoffs as part of the reduction in services. Impacted employees would be notified in mid-November and terminated in the new year, according to the spokesperson. Any workforce reductions are separate from CVS Health’s announcement last month that it would lay off 2,900 employees.”
  • and
    • “Continuing its belt-tightening, Walgreens will close about 1,200 storesover the next three years, starting with about 500 in the current fiscal year, which just commenced.
    • “That’s more than half the number of stores the drugstore retailer acquired from Rite Aid seven years ago, after they called off their planned merger.
    • “Retail operations were a drag on results: Q4 retail sales fell 3.5% year over year, with comps down 1.7%, while full-year retail sales fell 4.6%, with comps down 3.4%, per an earnings presentation. Beauty, seasonal and general merchandise siphoned about 150 basis points from Q4 comps, and elevated shrink levels offset positive impacts on retail adjusted gross margin from category mix and private labels.”
  • Per BioPharma Dive,
    • “Sales of Johnson & Johnson’s cancer therapy Carvykti and immune disease drug Tremfya grew strongly during the third quarter, the pharmaceutical company reported Tuesday, as new approvals helped broaden the two medicines’ market reach.
    • “The growth from Carvykti and Tremfya comes as J&J prepares for biosimilar competition to its second best-selling drug, Stelara, in January 2025. Biosimilars have already arrived in Europe and, alongside larger-than-expected insurer rebates, drove Stelara’s third quarter sales down 7% compared to last year.
    • “While analysts viewed the performance of J&J’s medical device division as underwhelming, J&J was still confident enough in its outlook to raise operational sales guidance for the full year slightly.”
  • Beckers Hospital CFO Report offers 22 statistics on inpatient length of stay.
    • “The average length of stay at hospitals across the U.S. is dropping slightly, while observation days have big declines year over year, according to Kaufman Hall’s National Hospital Flash Report. 
    • “The report includes data from 1,300 hospitals in August, which are tracked monthly for operational and financial trends. The length of stay dropped one to two percentage points on average for most hospitals, regardless of region and size. There was a wider variation in the observation days as a percentage of patient days, as patients are leaving the hospital quicker this year compared to last year.
    • “This development indicates less severe patient acuity and efficient care transition pathways,” the report authors noted.”

Friday Factoids

David Ermer–CDC, CMS, COVID-19, FDA, Federal employment benefits, HSA, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, Mental health care, Rx coverage, U.S. Healthcare, Uncategorized–
  • Govexec observes “The Office of Personnel Management’s inspector general last month reported that the federal government’s dedicated HR agency faces taller tasks in the form of launching a health insurance program for postal workers and verifying enrollees’ eligibility for the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program.”
  • While Govexec accurately reflects the substance of the OIG’s report, the FEHBlog disagrees with the OIG conclusions for the following reasons —
    • The OIG and GAO focus on family member eligibility issues. FEHB carriers, or their underwriters, hold the FEHB Program’s insurance risk. The biggest eligibility issue is that OPM does not use the HIPAA 820 enrollment roster transaction which would allow carriers to electronically reconcile individual enrollees with the premiums. This remains a yawning internal gap for the FEHBP.
    • OPM intelligently is assigning Postal employees and annuitants to their appropriate PSHB plan this month. OPM is electronically notifying carriers about these enrollments and OPM is mailing notices to these folks about their enrollments which can be changed during Open Season. If OPM’s new enrollment system breaks down (see healthcare.gov in 2013), the FEHBlog is certain that OPM has a Plan B for making PSHB enrollment change. In the FEHBlog’s view, OPM’s plan provides a high likelihood that the PSHB will timely launch on January 1, 2025.
  • Sequoia reminds us,
    • “The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued Final Rules on how and when civil monetary penalties may be imposed when Responsible Reporting Entities (RREs) fail to meet their Medicare Secondary Payer (MSP) reporting obligations.
    • “Under MSP rules, group health plans are required to submit certain information to CMS on plan participants that are dual enrolled in the group health plan and Medicare. By doing so, CMS can better identify when another party should pay primary, thereby avoiding unnecessary claims payment mistakes.
    • “Generally, a group health plan RRE is the insurer for fully insured plans and the third-party administrator (TPA) for self-funded plans. Employers are not likely to be an RRE, or otherwise have direct reporting obligations, unless as plan administrator they both self-fund and self-administer the plan. However, employers will need to provide any required information requested by the RRE (i.e., insurer or TPA) for them to accurately submit the reporting on the employer’s group health plan to CMS.
    • “Penalties against an RRE are up to $1,000 (as adjusted) per instance of noncompliance for each calendar day that a record is late, with a maximum annual penalty of $365,000 per instance. Penalties may be waived if RREs can show “good faith efforts” to report any records identified by CMS as being noncompliant. Also, CMS will apply a five-year statute of limitations on assessing civil monetary penalties for violations of mandatory reporting requirements.”
    • Important Dates
      • December 11, 2023: Effective date for the Final Rules.
      • October 11, 2024 / TODAY: Earliest date the provisions of the Final Rules will be applied.
      • October 11, 2025: Start date for compliance review and penalty enforcement.
      • April 1, 2026: CMS begins quarterly compliance audit; reviewing a random sample of 250 new records per quarter for a total of 1,000 records per year.
  • Bloomberg lets us know,
    • “Medicare patients changed to outpatient “observation status” after they were initially hospitalized now have a chance to appeal their reclassification under a rule finalized by the Biden administration on Friday. 
    • “The rule (RIN 0938-AV16) would implement a 2020 ruling by the US District Court for the District of Connecticut in a class action involving a dispute over Medicare’s obligation to pay for hospitalizations and long-term care for elderly patients.”
  • The Wall Street Journal reports,
    • “Teva Pharmaceuticals will pay $450 million to resolve allegations that the generic drug manufacturer submitted false claims and violated a federal law that prohibits the payment of kickbacks to generate federal healthcare business or induce patient referrals.
    • “The Justice Department on Thursday said the settlement amount was based on the company’s, whose U.S. headquarters is in Parsippany, N.J., ability to pay. As part of the settlement, there was no admission of wrongdoing on Teva’s part.
    • ‘Teva said it is pleased to put these matters in the past in order to focus on developing and providing access to medicines for patients who need them.”
  • The American Hospital Association News points out,
    • A survey released Oct. 9 and funded by the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, the Suicide Prevention Resource Center and the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention, a public-private partnership whose members include the AHA, shows 63% of U.S. adults are aware of the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline, a 6% increase from 2022. The survey also found that 71% of adults feel comfortable contacting a mental health hotline, while 15% said they have used one previously. Among other findings, 91% of U.S. adults perceive mental health as equal to or more important than physical health, but 49% feel that physical health is treated as more important.

From the public health and medical research front,

  • The Center for Disease Control and Prevention announced today,
    • “COVID-19 activity is declining in most areas. Seasonal influenza is low nationally. Signs of increased RSV activity have been detected in the southeastern United States, including Florida, particularly in young children.
    • “COVID-19
      • “Nationally, COVID-19 activity has continued declining in most areas. Wastewater levels, laboratory percent positivity, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations are continuing to decrease nationally while deaths remain at low levels.
      • “The new XEC variant is estimated to comprise 7-16% among circulating viruses as of October 12, 2024. Because XEC is recombined from two JN.1 lineage viruses, the 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccines that already include JN.1 strains are still expected to provide protection. Similarly, there are no impacts currently expected on tests, treatments, or symptoms at this time. For additional information, please see CDC COVID Data Tracker: Variant Proportions. There are many effective tools to prevent spreading COVID-19 or becoming seriously ill.
    • “Influenza
    • “RSV
      • “Nationally, RSV activity remains low. However, continuing signs of increased RSV activity have been detected in the southeastern United States, including Florida, particularly in young children.
    • “Vaccination
      • “Vaccinations to prevent fall respiratory viruses have started for the 2024-25 fall and winter virus season. RSV, influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines are available to provide protection.
  • The University of Minnesota’s CIDRAP tells us,
    • “The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) reported today that the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has confirmed two of its latest probable H5 avian flu cases, as it reported another likely case based on state testing, which if confirmed would raise the state’s total to seven.
    • “California’s flurry of human cases is occurring amid an ongoing surge of outbreaks affecting the state’s dairy farms, which are concentrated in the Central Valley. Also today, the CDC shared the latest findings from genetic sequencing, which so far show no worrying changes.”
  • and
    • “Genetic sequencing has identified a second cluster of tecovirimat-resistant mpox infections in the United States—the first of its kind involving interstate spread. Researchers from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and partners from five affected states reported their findings yesterday in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
    • “The first Tpoxx-resistant cluster was identified in California in late 2022 and early 2023 in people who hadn’t previously been treated with the drug. The new report describes a new unrelated cluster among 18 people with no previous treatment across multiple states. * * *
    • “In vitro testing of seven samples showed resistance to Tpoxx. Whole-genome sequencing showed that the resistance mutations came from a common ancestor but were distinct from the earlier California cluster.
    • “Researchers said because not all viruses from mpox cases are sequenced, the findings likely underestimate the prevalence of the newly identified drug-resistant variant. They added that more surveillance is needed, as well as adherence to CDC Tpoxx use protocols. Also, they wrote that the findings underscore the need for more treatments for mpox, along with smallpox biothreat preparedness.”
  • Reuters reports,
    • “Roughly 15.5 million U.S. adults have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and most of them struggle with gaining access to treatment for the condition, according to data from a U.S. study released on Thursday.
    • “Only about one-third of those reporting a diagnosis of ADHD said they had received a prescription for a stimulant drug used to treat it in the previous year, researchers reported in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
    • “In addition, nearly three quarters of those with a prescription for a stimulant drug reported difficulty getting it filled because the medication was unavailable.
    • “Worldwide, around 2% to 5% of adults experience ADHD symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This study provides the first prevalence data on ADHD in U.S. adults since 2003.”
  • The Wall Street Journal informs us,
    • “The Food and Drug Administration approved Pfizer’s Hympavzi to prevent or reduce bleeding episodes in patients with certain kinds of hemophilia, the pharmaceutical company said.
    • “The approval is for patients with hemophilia A (congenital factor VIII deficiency) without factor VIII inhibitors, or hemophilia B (congenital factor IX deficiency) without factor IX inhibitors, Pfizer said Friday.
    • “Hympavzi, also known as marstacimab, can be given subcutaneously every week for routine prophylaxis in patients aged 12 and up as an alternative to intravenous infusions that are often administered multiple times a week, Pfizer said.
    • “The FDA said the drug is the first non-factor and once-weekly treatment for hemophilia B. The agency said the approval provides “a new treatment option that is the first of its kind to work by targeting a protein in the blood clotting process.”
  • BioPharma Dive adds,
    • “The Food and Drug Administration on Thursday approved a new Roche drug for breast cancer. Called Itovebi, the drug has been cleared for use with Pfizer’s Ibrance and endocrine therapy in people whose HR-positive, HER2-negative breast tumors have a mutation called PIK3CA.
    • It’ll compete for market share with Novartis’ Piqray, another medicine targeting PIK3CA mutations. Itovebi is one of five drugs Roche aims to add to its portfolio of breast cancer treatments, which already includes the targeted therapies Herceptin, Perjeta and Kadcyla. 
  • Per Health Day,
    • “It’s never too late for a person to quit smoking, even if they’re elderly, a new study finds.
    • “Dropping the smokes even as late as 75 can meaningfully increase a person’s life expectancy, researchers reported recently in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
    • “Seniors aged 75 will lose on average more than four years of life if they keep smoking, compared to people who never smoked, researchers found.
    • “On the other hand, a 75-year-old smoker who quits has a 14% chance of gaining at least one extra year of life, and a 65-year-old smoker a 23% chance.
    • “And about 8% of those who quit at age 75 gain at least four years of life compared to those who keep smoking, researchers found.
    • “Quitting smoking is the single best thing anyone at any age can do to increase their life expectancy, researchers concluded.”

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • MedTech Dive relates,
    • “Fresenius Medical Care said Thursday it will increase its production of IV fluid and peritoneal dialysis (PD) products as the U.S. manages shortages due to Hurricane Helene’s effect on the supply chain.
    • “The company is maximizing production capacity at its international sites to help add supply amid an industrywide supply shortage of PD products and IV fluids, according to the update. Fresenius Medical Care is also exploring other options to address the shortage at the Department of Health and Human Services’ request.”
  • Beckers Payer Issues offer new payer game plans for improving women’s health.
  • Fierce Healthcare provides details on the latest Medicare Advantage star scores.
  • Modern Healthcare notes,
    • “Mary Beth Jenkins will become the president and CEO of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health Plan starting Jan. 1. 
    • “Jenkins was also named president of UPMC Insurance Services Division and an executive vice president of the system. She will succeed Diane Holder, who plans to retire Dec. 31 after 40 years with UPMC.
    • “Jenkins has been executive vice president of UPMC Insurance Services Division and chief operating officer of UPMC Health Plan since 2023. She joined Pittsburgh-based UPMC in 1998.” 
  • Optum offers HSA plans tips on personalized member communications strategies.

Thursday Miscellany

David Ermer–CDC, CMS, FDA, Federal employment benefits, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, NIH, Rx coverage, U.S. Healthcare–
Photo by Josh Mills on Unsplash

In hurricane news,

  • The New York Times reports,
    • “The Daytona Beach plant that makes nearly a quarter of the IV fluids used in the United States is intact in the wake of Hurricane Milton’s tear across Florida, according to a company spokeswoman.
    • “The site, operated by B Braun Medical, gained prominence this week as a backup source for IV solutions because Hurricane Helene had flooded a major producer of the fluids in North Carolina and left hospitals from California to Virginia with diminishing supplies.
    • “Company workers and officials from the federal Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response took pre-emptive measures before Milton arrived, loading trucks full of finished IV medical products to ship them out of the storm’s reach through the night Tuesday. 
    • “Allison Longenhagen, a company spokeswoman, said on Thursday that the manufacturing and distribution site at Daytona Beach was intact, and would reopen on Friday.”
  • Healthcare Dive adds,
    • Hurricane Milton hit Florida’s West Coast hard Wednesday night as a Category 3 storm, bringing torrents of rain and tornadoes that caused millions to lose power and triggered widespread destruction to roads and water and sewage services.
    • While the region’s hospitals were largely ready for storm due to legacy hurricane preparations, health systems are still grappling with critical infrastructure outages and are making “hour-by-hour” calculations on whether to evacuate more patients, according to Mary Mayhew, CEO and president of the Florida Hospital Association.
  • Per MedTech Dive,
    • “Baxter said Wednesday it would increase allocation levels of certain IV fluids as the U.S. manages supply shortages after the company’s largest manufacturing plant was damaged by Hurricane Helene.
    • “The company increased allocation levels of its “highest demand” IV fluids from 40% to 60% for direct customers and from 10% to 60% for distributors, effective Wednesday, according to the update. Baxter also increased the allocation level of IV solutions and nutrition products for designated children’s hospitals to 100%.
    • “Baxter said its goal is to restart production at the North Carolina facility in phases and “return to 90% to 100% allocation of certain IV solution product codes by the end of 2024.”

From Washington, DC,

  • Fierce Healthcare lets us know,
    • “Just 40% of Medicare Advantage prescription drug plans offered in 2025 achieved a score of four stars or higher, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) revealed Oct. 10.
    • “It is the third consecutive year the portion of MA plans offering four-star plans or greater decreased, with 68% of plans meeting the threshold in 2022. Last year 42% of plans achieved at least a four-star rating.
    • “Weighted by enrollment, 62% of enrollees are currently in contracts with a four-star rating or better. In 2022, 90% of enrollees were in at least a four-star plan.
    • “These star ratings impact the 2026-year quality bonus payments, which has significant financial repercussions to MA plans. They are rated on 40 measures in Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug (MA-PD) plans, 30 measures for MA plans and only 12 measures in solely prescription drug plans.
  • Federal News Network tells us,
    • “The final piece of the puzzle fell into place Thursday morning for calculating the 2025 cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) for Social Security and federal retirement benefits.
    • “Starting in January, many federal retirees will see a 2025 COLA of 2.5% added to their Social Security benefits and federal retirement annuities — but not everyone will receive the full adjustment.
    • “Retirees in the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS) usually receive a smaller cost-of-living adjustment each year for their annuities, though the exact difference depends on how big the COLA is in a given year:
      • “COLA is over 3%: FERS annuitants receive 1% less than the full COLA
      • “COLA is between 2% and 3%: FERS annuitants receive a 2% COLA
      • “COLA is less than 2%: FERS annuitants receive the full COLA
    • For 2025, based on those specifications, FERS retirees will receive a “diet” 2025 COLA of 2% for their retirement benefits beginning in January.
  • Tammy Flanagan, writing in Govexec, provides “a checklist to help [federal and postal employees and retirees] prioritize as [they] sort through your federal retirement and insurance benefits.”
  • Modern Healthcare reports,
    • “Healthcare companies pursuing mergers and acquisitions will be required to submit additional information about their proposals under a final rule approved by the Federal Trade Commission Thursday.
    • “The final rule amends the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act form, which had not been updated for 46 years. When the rule goes into effect, likely early next year, healthcare companies involved in M&A proposals must list acquisitions that occurred within the last five years, disclose private equity and minority stakeholders with decision-making authority and report supplier relationships shared by the merging parties to the FTC, among other requirements.”
  • Bloomberg informs us,
    • Johnson & Johnson did not wrongly manipulate bankruptcy rules when it filed an insolvency case in Texas and not its home state of New Jersey, a federal judge ruled, increasing the odds the consumer health giant can settle claims its baby powder gave women cancer.
    • Judge Christopher Lopez said Thursday he’ll keep a J&J subsidiary in his Houston courtroom, dismissing claims the company improperly skirted a federal appeals court for New Jersey that has twice stopped its bid to end thousands of talc injury lawsuits. 
    • “I want to assure everyone that they are going to get a fair trial in front of me,” Lopez said.
    • J&J is offering more than $8 billion to settle the litigation, a proposal the company has said is supported by roughly 83% of the women who voted on it. The settlement is being offered through a corporate shell J&J created to absorb the cancer claims and file bankruptcy, a controversial legal tactic known as the Texas Two Step.
  • The American Hospital Association News points out,
    • “The Health Resources and Services Administration Oct. 9 announced it will award nearly $19 million to 15 states for identifying and implementing maternal health strategies. The funds are part of HRSA’s Enhancing Maternal Health Initiative and will support State Maternal Health Innovation programs to help identify key drivers of maternal mortality in each state, develop strategies and implement new interventions to address those issues. The state programs have implemented a range of interventions to address maternal health challenges, which include early identification and treatment of hypertension to reduce preeclampsia and other risks, providing mobile simulation trainings to prepare health care providers for a range of adverse labor events, expanding access to trainings to rural and frontier hospitals that do not have a dedicated obstetrics department, and creating resources to improve first responders’ ability to respond to patients with substance use disorder during and after pregnancy.”

From the public health and medical research front,

  • The International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans lets us know,
    • “Today is World Mental Health Day, a time to recognize the importance of mental health and to reaffirm commitments to improving mental health through education, awareness and advocacy. Many plan sponsors look toward mental health trends to stay informed on strategies for their workforce. Read on for key takeaways from a recent International Foundation webcast on 2024 mental health trends.
    • “The after-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in increases in mental health needs across North America. In a 2024 survey from Gallup, U.S. adults reported how they thought mental health issues are handled compared to physical health issues: 38% reported “much worse,” 37% reported “somewhat worse,” and 15% reported “about the same.” The same survey indicates a perception that mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety, have increased over the past five years.
    • “According to a report from SunLife Canada, employers are seeing a rise in mental health care costs, including short- and long-term disability claims. The increased costs are sparking conversations about mental health treatment and leading employers to improve their employee benefits offerings to address mental health care.”
  • Per a U.S. Department of Agriculture press release,
    • BrucePac, a Durant, Okla. establishment, is recalling approximately 9,986,245 pounds of ready-to-eat (RTE) meat and poultry products that may be adulterated with Listeria monocytogenes, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) announced today.
    • The ready-to-eat meat and poultry items were produced from June 19, 2024, to October 8, 2024. These products were shipped to other establishments and distributors nationwide then distributed to restaurants and institutions. Information regarding product labels and the list of products will be provided when available.
    • The products subject to recall bear establishment numbers “51205 or P-51205” inside or under the USDA mark of inspection.
  • The American Hospital Association News notes,
    • “The National Institutes of Health Oct. 10 released results of a study that found that infection from COVID-19 in the first wave of the pandemic appeared to significantly increase the risk of heart attack, stroke and death for up to three years for unvaccinated individuals. When infected, those individuals had double the risk for cardiovascular events, and people with severe cases had nearly four times the risk. The study also is the first to show that increased risk of heart attack and stroke in people with severe COVID-19 may have a genetic component involving blood type. It is unclear if the risk of cardiovascular disease is or may be persistent for people who have had severe COVID-19 from 2021 to the present, NIH said.”
  • The Wall Street Journal reports,
    • “Researchers are making progress toward vaccines that train healthy people’s immune systems to eliminate signs of cancer before it develops. 
    • “Vaccines are in early trials for people with inherited genetic mutations that put them at a greater risk. Other shots are designed to destroy precancerous lesions to stop full-blown disease. 
    • “It’s the future of cancer prevention,” says Dr. Ajay Bansal, a gastroenterologist at the University of Kansas Cancer Center.” * * *
    • “Many consider cancer vaccines to be a form of immunotherapy, a kind of treatment that has revolutionized cancer care by using the immune system to beat back cancer cells. Some of those therapies release the brakes on the immune system. Cancer vaccines, by contrast, are meant to boost the immune response and direct it where to go.
    • “Cancer cells and even pre-cancer cells know how to hide from the immune system,” says Dr. Neeha Zaidi, a medical oncologist at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins. “It needs that help from a vaccine.”
  • The National Institutes of Health’s Director, writing her in blog, tells us,
    • “Developing a new drug from scratch can take a decade or more. But sometimes promising treatment options come from repurposing existing drugs for completely different medical conditions. I’m happy to share a new example of this: a cancer drug called pomalidomide that was found in a clinical trial to be safe and effective for treating a blood disorder called hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT).
    • “HHT is an inherited blood vessel disorder that can cause excessive or even life-threatening bleeding. The disease is rare, affecting about 1 in every 5,000 people worldwide, but because HHT is poorly understood and often misdiagnosed, its true incidence is likely greater. Most people with HHT experience recurrent severe nosebleeds, often in combination with mental health disorders such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as other health conditions. HHT can also worsen with age and impact quality of life.
    • “However, recent findings from an NIH-supported clinical trial, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, show that daily treatment with pomalidomide in people with HHT led to a significant reduction in nosebleed severity. Compared to trial participants taking a placebo, those taking pomalidomide needed fewer blood or iron transfusions and reported improvements in their quality of life. Because of these results, the trial was stopped months ahead of schedule, having found sufficient evidence that the treatment was safe and effective.”
  • Per MedPage Today,
    • “Medicare annual wellness visits were associated with a 21% increase in mild cognitive impairment diagnoses.
    • “Those with a wellness evaluation received a diagnosis 76 days earlier than others.
    • “Findings suggest the Medicare wellness visit policy may help identify cognitive impairment earlier.”

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • Modern Healthcare reports,
    • “CVS Health is moving ahead with expansion plans for Oak Street Health, even as the company reportedly considers a restructuring in the coming months.
    • “CVS is conducting a strategic review, according to media reports citing people familiar with the matter and is weighing options for separating some of the company’s businesses, which include its retail pharmacy, insurance arm Aetna, pharmacy benefit manager CVS Caremark and primary care provider Oak Street.
    • “A spokesperson said CVS is sticking with its previously announced expansion plan for Oak Street but did not respond to questions about how many clinics it has opened this year. As of August, Oak Street had opened 16 clinics in 10 states since December, with aggressive plans to open another 38 or so clinics by the end of the year.”
  • Per Fierce Healthcare,
    • “Henry Ford Health has launched a population health subsidiary to help manage high-risk patients’ conditions and reduce costs tied to preventable hospitalizations or readmissions.
      Troy, Michigan-based Populance is described by the nonprofit health system as an extension of the “dozens” of case management programs it and its insurance subsidiary, Health Alliance Plan, have designed over the past two decades.
    • “Those programs—often designed with value-based care strategies in mind—will be supported at Populance with health analytics capabilities to help spot and address high-risk patients, the system said.
    • “Because we know this approach to population health management works—for our patients, our members and our physicians—we want to make these services available to other physicians, health systems and health plans to create healthier, more equitable outcomes in all the communities we serve,” Robin Damschroder, president of value-based enterprise and chief financial officer at Henry Ford Health, said in a release.”
  • RAND issued a paper titled “The Expense of Heath Care Explained: What Americans Need to Know.”
    • “Health care costs remain a critical concern for policymakers, providers, and patients alike. As voters head to the polls, the effectiveness of recent policies like the No Surprises Act and Medicare drug price negotiations are just beginning to be felt. Meanwhile, other major concerns loom, including how to deal with massive consolidation across the health care industry, and the complex dynamics of drug pricing, as well as burnout and other forces leading to shortages of health care providers.
    • “We asked three experts on the economics of health care to explain some of the financial and public policy forces at work. Cheryl Damberg holds the distinguished chair in Health Care Payment Policy and is director of the RAND Center of Excellence on Health System Performance. Andrew Mulcahy is a senior health economist at RAND who focuses on payments for health care services and prescription drugs. Erin Taylor is a senior policy researcher at RAND who is currently co-project director of the evaluation of the Medicare Part D Senior Savings Model.”
  • Per BioPharma Dive,
    • Within the pharmaceutical industry, a multibillion-dollar race is underway to top Novo Nordisk’s and Eli Lilly’s in-demand obesity drugs.
    • Dozens of companies, large and small, have set out to test experimental medicines they claim could be more potent, convenient or have fewer side effects than Novo’s Wegovy and Lilly’s Zepbound. But those two companies are already hard at work with successors of their own.
    • The next six months figure to be an important preview. Data are expected for a number of drugs that are already, or are shaping up to be, contenders in this high-stakes competition. The readouts will be closely watched, as they will set expectations for how the obesity drug market — currently a duopoly between Lilly and Novo — will look in the future.
  • The article tells you what to expect.
  • The Washington Post reports,
    • “Amazon plans to expand its drug delivery business as the company seeks more ways to insinuate itself into the daily lives of everyday Americans. The move would see the largest online retailer in the United States compete more directly with pharmacy retailers like CVS and Walgreens.
    • “Next year, Amazon customers in 20 cities — including Dallas, Minneapolis and Philadelphia — will be able to get Amazon Pharmacy medications delivered by the company, Amazon Pharmacy VP Hannah McClellan Richards said Wednesday. And a growing number of those deliveries will be completed within less than 24 hours, the company said.
    • “Richards said Amazon will double the number of cities with same-day delivery of medications next year, in part by building pharmacies in existing same-day delivery facilities that are “integrated directly into Amazon’s core logistics network.”

Midweek Update

David Ermer–ACA, CDC, CMS, FDA, Federal employment benefits, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, NIH, OPM, U.S. Healthcare–

From Washington, DC,

  • The New York Times reports,
    • “Healthcare facilities across the west coast of Florida, from clinics to nursing homes, are temporarily shutting their doors and evacuating patients in preparation for Hurricane Milton’s potentially devastating landfall.
    • “Mandatory evacuation orders in Pinellas County, which includes Clearwater and St. Petersburg, affect about 6,600 patients at six hospitals, 25 nursing homes and 44 assisted living facilities, according to the order. Scores of medical clinics and dialysis centers across the region have also closed, including dozens of outpatient facilities operated by the BayCare, a health care network.
    • “The region’s only Level 1 trauma center, Tampa General Hospital, has deployed a temporary flood barricade that officials hope will stave off the storm surge. Most of the hospitals in the region that are still open have suspended elective operations or have stopped accepting new patients.
    • “University of Florida Health, which operates about a dozen hospitals across the state, had enough food, water and fuel to keep its facilities operating for 96 hours, according to Peyton Wesner, a spokesman.”
  • and
    • “U.S. officials approved airlifts of IV fluids from overseas manufacturing plants on Wednesday to ease shortages caused by Hurricane Helene that have forced hospitals to begin postponing surgeries as a way to ration supplies for the most fragile patients.
    • “The current shortage occurred when flooding coursed through western North Carolina and damaged a Baxter plant, which is now closed for cleaning. The plant makes about 60 percent of the United States’ supply of fluids used in IVs, for in-home dialysis and for people who rely on IV nutrition. They include premature babies in intensive care and patients who rely on tube feeding to survive.
    • “The situation could become even more dire now that Hurricane Milton is hitting Florida. On Tuesday, workers at B. Braun, makers of a fourth of the nation’s IV fluids, loaded trucks at the company’s plant in Daytona Beach with the medical bags and drove them north through the night to what they hoped would be a safer location.
    • “The Baxter plant, in Marion, N.C., and the B. Braun site in Daytona Beach manufacture about 85 percent of the nation’s supply of IV fluids. Experts on shortages have long pointed out the risk of such over-concentration of critical supplies, citing exposure to disasters like those now at hand. Even before the latest storm, supplies were tight and reflected a longstanding problem of how few companies are willing to produce crucial but low-cost and low-profit medical products.”
  • Here’s a link to an HHS Secretary letter to healthcare leaders about the IV fluid shortage, and Beckers Payer Issues offers five notes on insurer response to Hurricane Milton.
  • Kevin Moss, writing in Govexec, takes a closer look at 2025 FEHB premiums.
  • CMS has issued a memorandum with payment parameters guidance for the 2026 plan year
    • The 2025 maximum limit on cost sharing for FEHB and other group plans is $10.150 for self only coverage and $20,300 for other than self only coverage. These limits represent approximately a 10.3% increase over the 2025 maximum limits of $9,200 for self only coverage and $18,400 for other than self only coverage.
  • “The International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans shares links to the final 1094-B, 1095-B, 1094-C, and 1095-C forms [and instructions] that employers, plan sponsors and group health insurers will use to report 2024 health coverage to plan members, and the IRS as required by the Affordable Care Act (ACA).” 
  • STAT News tells us,
    • “A new report from congressional budget experts this week estimated that it would cost Medicare an additional $35 billion over nine years if the program began covering GLP-1 drugs for obesity. But the report also noted that half of seniors who would qualify for obesity coverage already have access to the drugs for other conditions.”
  • The American Hospital Association News notes,
    • “The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Oct. 9 released a request for information and a sample list of prescription drugs it intends to include under a proposed Medicare $2 Drug List Model. Under the model, people enrolled in a Part D plan would have access to these drugs for a low, fixed copayment no higher than $2 for a month’s supply per drug. The model would provide individuals more certainty about out-of-pocket costs for these generic covered drugs that would target common conditions such as high cholesterol and high blood pressure. The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation’s model aims to test whether a simplified approach to offering low-cost, clinically important generic drugs can improve medication adherence, lead to better health outcomes and improve satisfaction with the Part D prescription drug benefit among Medicare beneficiaries and prescribers. It is also aligned with Executive Order 14087, “Lowering Prescription Drug Costs for Americans,” which directed the creation of new payment models to lower drug costs and promote access. Comments are due Dec. 9 through a CMS survey.”
  • KFF provides us with “A Current [Detailed] Snapshot of the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit.”
  • The Wall Street Journal reports,
    • “CVS Health filed a motion seeking to disqualify top Federal Trade Commission officials from participating in a case regarding some of its businesses over alleged bias against pharmacy benefit managers.
    • “The healthcare company said Chair Lina Khan, Commissioner Rebecca Kelly Slaughter and Commissioner Alvaro Bedoya through public statements show they have prejudged the matter at hand and that their participation would violate the due process rights of respondents Caremark Rx and Zinc Health Services.
    • “CVS specified that past statements made false assertions that are critical to the merits of the case, including that pharmacy benefit managers “control” drug pricing and patient access to drugs including insulin.
    • “Cigna Group, on behalf of Express Scripts and other of its businesses, also filed a motion seeking to disqualify Khan, Slaughter and Bedoya.
    • “UnitedHealth Group, who reportedly filed a similar motion, didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.”

From the public health and medical research front,

  • STAT News points out,
    • “A trio of scientists who opened new doors in our understanding of the structure of proteins — the fundamental building blocks of biology — and even came up with ways to create new proteins won the Nobel Prize in chemistry Wednesday.
    • “The prize went to David Baker of the University of Washington, and to Demis Hassabis and John Jumper, who work at Google DeepMind in London. Baker will receive half the 11 million Swedish kronor (just over $1 million) prize, while Hassabis and Jumper will split the other half.” * * *
    • “Baker said he was sleeping when he received the Nobel call early Wednesday morning, as is often the case for laureates in the U.S. When he was told he had won the prize, his wife started yelling, drowning out the person on the phone. He had to go to another room so he could hear the rest of the call, he said. 
    • “Asked by one journalist to pick his favorite protein, Baker demurred, saying he didn’t want to identify just one. But he did highlight one that he and his colleagues had crafted that could potentially block the coronavirus behind Covid-19 from infecting cells, hinting at one of the applications of his discoveries that researchers are now pursuing. 
    • “I’ve been very excited about the idea of a nasal spray of little designed proteins that would protect against all possible pandemic viruses,” he said.”
  • Kudos to the recipients.
  • The American Medical Association tells us what doctors wish their patients knew about microplastics.
  • The National Cancer Institute shares its Cancer Information Highlights about “Breast Cancer | Jaw Necrosis | Leiomyosarcoma.”
  • Per National Institutes of Health press release,
    • “The National Institutes of Health has launched a nationwide consortium to address the dramatic rise in youth diagnosed with type 2 diabetes over the past two decades, a trend that is expected to continue. The effort aims to advance understanding of the biologic, social, and environmental drivers of youth-onset type 2 diabetes, with the goals of determining which children are at highest risk for developing the disease and how to better prevent, screen for, and manage type 2 diabetes in young people.
    • “Our children who are overweight or have obesity are at risk, but we don’t know how best to identify the children who will progress to type 2 diabetes,” said Rose Gubitosi-Klug, M.D., Ph.D., study lead, and chief of pediatric endocrinology at Case Western Reserve University/Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland. “This study will bring us closer to our goal of prevention of type 2 diabetes in future generations of youth.” * * *
    • “For more information about the study, known as DISCOVERY of Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Youth, please visit discovery.bsc.gwu.edu.”

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • The American Hospital Association News lets us know,
    • “The average annual premium for employer-sponsored family health coverage rose 7% in 2024 to $25,572, according to the latest KFF annual survey. It is the second consecutive year with a 7% increase. For workers who have an annual deductible for single coverage, the 2024 average is $1,787, similar to last year’s $1,735 and up 8% from 2019. The survey found that the amount workers’ pay toward annual premiums has increased less than 5% since 2019, which may be due to a tight labor market.”
  • Per Beckers Hospital CFO Report,
    • “Chicago-based CommonSpirit is “investing significantly in high-growth markets,” such as Arizona and Colorado, to ensure the long-term sustainability of the health system, CFO Dan Morissette said during the company’s investor call on Oct. 4.
    • “Last year, Centennial, Colo.-based Centura Health folded into CommonSpirit, which manages 20 hospitals and more than 240 care sites in Colorado, Kansas and Utah that were previously managed by Centura. 
    • “The news came shortly after CommonSpirit and Altamonte Springs, Fla.-based AdventHealth said they would end their Centura Health joint venture after 27 years, with each system directly managing their respective care sites in Kansas and Colorado. 
    • “Much of our focus in this market is on transition alignment and ambulatory care sites, as well as future inpatient growth to meet the rapidly expanding demand,” Mr. Morissette said. “We also announced a partnership with Kaiser in this market, which is an important new collaboration for us.Intentional capital deployment means taking a system-level approach to reviewing and 
    • “CommonSpirit is also diversifying its service line in these high-growth markets. Areas of focus include behavioral health, cancer care and outpatient care.”
  • Per Fierce Pharma,
    • “GSK has agreed to pay up to $2.2 billion to resolve approximately 80,000 lawsuits brought by users of Zantac who claimed the heartburn drug caused their cancer.
    • “The agreement frees the British pharma giant from litigating 93% of the state court cases it faced in the U.S., most of which had been consolidated in Delaware. The settlement was reached with 10 plaintiff firms with the agreement that GSK does not admit liability, the company said.
    • “With the deal, lawyers representing the plaintiffs are unanimously recommending that clients accept terms of the settlement, which is expected to be complete by the end of the first half of 2025, GSK said.
    • “The agreement is in line with a similar settlement Sanofi reportedly made earlier this year. The French pharma consented to pay $100 million to resolve roughly 4,000 Zantac claims, Bloomberg reported in April. That deal paid plaintiffs roughly $25,000 each. The GSK settlement comes to approximately $27,500 per claimant.
    • ‘In May of this year, Pfizer also settled approximately 10,000 Zantac lawsuits for an undisclosed figure. Pfizer had the rights to sell the antacid from 1998 to 2006.
    • “In addition to the $2.2 billion deal, GSK also said on Wednesday that it will pay $70 million to resolve a qui tam complaint filed by Connecticut-based laboratory Valisure, which first raised alarm bells about Zantac’s risks in 2019 during routine batch testing.”
  • Per MedTech Dive,
    • “The number of medical devices with artificial intelligence technology has risen sharply in the past decade. 
    • “The Food and Drug Administration has authorized 950 AI or machine learning-enabled devices as of Aug. 7, 2024, according to the agency’s database. While the FDA authorized the first AI-enabled device in 1995, the number of submissions has spiked in recent years.
    • “In 2015, the FDA authorized six AI medical devices. In 2023, the agency authorized 221 devices, according to data reviewed by MedTech Dive.
    • “The trend has been driven by more connected devices, more investment into AI and machine learning and growing familiarity with how software is regulated as a medical device, experts said in interviews.
    • “We’re definitely seeing huge increases in investment. There’s no doubt about that,” said Jennifer Goldsack, CEO of the Digital Medicine Society, an industry group for digital health.”

Friday Factoids

David Ermer–CDC, CMS, Congress, COVID-19, Federal employment benefits, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, Obesity, OPM, U.S. Healthcare–

From Washington DC

  • Federal News Network points out
    • “The Office of Personnel Management is still facing several long-standing management challenges, but one challenge in particular has been knocked off the latest list from OPM’s inspector general office.
    • “Due to “continued improvements,” the federal retirement claims processing backlog at OPM is no longer a top management challenge for the agency, OPM IG Krista Boyd wrote in an Oct. 1 report.”
  • Here are some of the FEHBlog’s long-standing management challenges which are not mentioned in the IG’s report
    • OPM and Congress should place a moratorium a new FEHB benefit mandates in order to allow competition in the FEHB to flourish.
    • OPM should at long last implement a statute added to the FEHB Act in 1989, 5 U.S.C. Section 8910(d), requiring OPM in cooperation with CMS to offer FEHB carriers a Medicare coordination of benefits database.
    • OPM should share with carriers much more information from its study of the FEHB Program called for by 5 USC Section 8910(a).
    • OPM should follow the path created by all other large employers in the U.S. by providing carriers with a HIPAA 820 electronic enrollment roster that would allow carriers to reconcile enrollment and premiums at the individual enrollee level.
  • The Congressional Budget Office released a report about “Alternative Approaches to Reducing Prescription Drug Prices.”
  • Bloomberg reports,
    • “Proposed guidelines for operating Obamacare insurance exchanges in 2026 call for tightening protections against unauthorized actions by agents and brokers who help consumers enroll in coverage. 
    • ‘The proposal, released Friday by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, sets standards for health insurers and ACA marketplaces, as well as requirements for agents, brokers, and others who help consumers enroll in marketplace coverage. It also includes policies that affect Medicaid, the Children’s Health Insurance Program, and the Basic Health Program.
    • “The 2026 Benefit and Payment Parameters proposed rule (RIN 0938-AV41) includes a number of proposals, including ways to prevent unauthorized marketplace activity by agents and brokers; standards for allowable “Silver Loading,” the raising of premiums for silver plans to offset the cost of providing cost-sharing reductions; and advancing health equity and mitigating health disparities.
    • “Our goal with these proposed requirements is providing quality, affordable coverage to consumers while minimizing administrative burden and ensuring program integrity,” the proposed rule’s preamble said.”
  • Fierce Healthcare informs us,
    • “Last month, Rep. Debbie Dingell, D-Michigan, introduced a new bill in the House to profoundly expand dental coverage for millions of Americans through The Comprehensive Dental Care Reform Act of 2024 [HR 9622].
    • “The bill is a clean companion to similar legislation brought forward by Senator Bernie Sanders, D-Vermont, which would expand coverage for individuals in Medicare, Medicaid, the individual market and the Department of Veterans Affairs.
    • “A lack of dental care can worsen other serious medical conditions, but without adequate coverage, millions of Americans go without the critical oral care they need,” said Dingell in a statement. “This comprehensive legislation will make it easier for Americans to get the dental care they deserve, by expanding coverage and increasing care providers, especially in rural and underserved communities.”

From the U.S. public health and medical research front,

  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced today,
    • “Summary
      • “COVID-19 activity is declining in most areas. Seasonal influenza is low nationally. Signs of increased RSV activity have been detected in the southeastern U.S. including Florida, particularly in young children.
    • “COVID-19
      • “Nationally, COVID-19 activity has continued declining in most areas. COVID-19-associated ED visits and hospitalizations are decreasing overall. Laboratory percent positivity is 9.2%. ED visits for COVID-19 are highest among infants and older adults. Hospitalizations for COVID-19 are highest among older adults. Provisional trends in deaths associated with COVID-19 have remained stable at 2.0% of all deaths nationally.
      • “A new variant, XEC, has been detected and is estimated to comprise 2-13% of circulating viruses in the U.S. as of September 28, 2024. Because XEC is recombined from two JN.1 lineage viruses, the 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccines that already include JN.1 strains are still expected to provide protection.
      • Similarly, there are no impacts currently expected on tests, treatments, or symptoms at this time. For additional information, please see CDC COVID Data Tracker: Variant Proportions. There are many effective tools to prevent spreading COVID-19 or becoming seriously ill.
    • “Influenza
    • “RSV
      • “Nationally, RSV activity remains low. However, signs of increased RSV activity have been detected in the southeastern U.S. including Florida, particularly in young children.
    • “Vaccination
      • “Vaccinations to prevent fall respiratory virus have started for the 2024-25 respiratory illness season. RSV, influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines are available to provide protection during the 2024-25 respiratory illness season.”
  • The University of Minnesota’s CIDRAP adds that “wastewater levels—still highest in the West [for Covid] —now are at moderate levels.”
  • CBS News reports,
    • “The effectiveness of this year’s influenza vaccine was lower in South America than last season, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported Thursday, which might be a clue to how much protection the shots could offer people in the U.S. this winter.
    • “Vaccine effectiveness was 34.5% against hospitalization, according to interim estimates from a new article published by the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, among high-risk groups like young children, people with preexisting conditions and older adults. That means, vaccinated people in those groups were 34.5% less likely than unvaccinated people to get sick enough to go to the hospital.
    • “Last year, the CDC’s report had estimated vaccine effectiveness in South America was 51.9% against hospitalization among at-risk groups. A study by the same group looking at data from 2013 to 2017 estimated effectiveness was around 43% for fully vaccinated young children and 41% for older adults.
    • “These data come from a research network coordinated by the Pan American Health Organization, including Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.” 
  • STAT News notes, “After a rocky debut for new RSV tools [in 2023], hopes are high as a new season approaches. The fall’s rollout of a vaccine and an antibody shot is expected to be smoother.”
    • “Anyone who works in the pediatric field understands that if we can immunize children against RSV, whether it’s through maternal vaccination or through nirsevimab, that’s really going to be life changing as far as admissions to the hospital,” Peacock, director of the immunization services division in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center on Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, told STAT in a recent interview.
    • “The good news is that many people who work in this field believe this year’s rollout of the new medical tools will run a lot smoother than last year’s rocky debut outing. They warned, though, that some hurdles will remain.
    • “I expect it will be better. I can’t say how much better,” said Sean O’Leary, professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, and a pediatric infectious diseases specialist at Children’s Hospital Colorado.” * * *
    • “Despite the potential for lingering challenges, [Dr. Joseph] Domachowske, from SUNY Upstate Medical University, is hopeful the societal benefit of protecting babies from RSV will soon be apparent. “It’s working,” he said, pointing to a study the CDC published in early March that showed the effectiveness of Beyfortus in preventing RSV hospitalization in infants was 90% from October 2023 to February 2024. “We just need to improve our distribution and make sure we increase the number of babies that are eligible who are getting it.”
  • The University of Minnesota’s CIDRAP tells us,
    • “California health officials yesterday announced the state’s second H5N1 avian flu infection in a dairy farm worker who had no known connection to its first case, as federal health officials announced new steps to boost the supply of H5N1 vaccines, if needed.
    • “In related developments, federal officials today shared updates about the investigation into a recent Missouri H5N1 case with no clear exposure source and what other federal agencies are doing to manage the threat to people and animals.
    • “California’s second patient also had conjunctivitis
    • “Hours after California announced its first H5N1 case in a farm worker yesterday, officials announced a second similar case in a worker at a second farm impacted by recent outbreaks in cows. Both patients worked on farms in the Central Valley, where the virus has now been detected in 56 dairy farms since September.
    • “The California Department of Public Health said, as in the first case, the second patient had mild symptoms, including conjunctivitis. Neither reported respiratory symptoms or was hospitalized.”
  • Fierce Pharma adds,
    • “CSL Seqirus, Sanofi and GSK have collectively secured $72 million in funding from the U.S. health department to boost the country’s supply of bird flu vaccines.
    • “The grant comes from the Department of Health and Human Services’ Center for Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) under a national preparedness initiative, the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response said Friday.
    • “The three companies will fill and finish additional doses of their influenza A(H5) vaccines, turning bulk materials into ready-to-use vials or syringes that can be immediately distributed if needed.”
  • NBC News informs us,
    • “After the recommended age to start screening for colorectal cancer was lowered to 45, there was a small but significant increase in screenings among younger people, according to a study published in the journal JAMA Network Open. 
    • “The lower screening age was put into place in 2021 by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, which previously recommended starting screenings at age 50. 
    • “Colorectal cancer cases have been rising in people younger than 50 over the last two decades. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force isn’t the first group to suggest lowering the screening age. In 2018, the American Cancer Society also recommended to start getting checked at 45.” 
  • Per Healio,
    • “Tirzepatide and semaglutide confer greater weight loss than other FDA-approved obesity medications with no significantly higher risk for adverse events, according to findings from a network meta-analysis published in Obesity.
    • “Over the years, we’ve had all these drugs that were approved by FDA,” Priyanka Majety, MD, assistant professor of internal medicine and adult outpatient diabetes director in the division of endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism at Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, told Healio. “Recently, the GLP-1s and tirzepatide have had such huge success, so we wanted to compare all of the FDA-approved medications for obesity and see if we can provide some guidance to physicians and patients to see which one would be the most beneficial.”
  • Per an FDA press release,
    • “On Thursday, the FDA Office of Women’s Health (OWH) released its updated Women’s Health Research Roadmap. The Roadmap, provides a science-based framework to address women’s health research questions and to build women’s health science into the FDA’s research activities and outlines priority areas in which new or further research is needed and serves as a catalyst for research collaborations both internal and external to the FDA. 
    • “The updated roadmap serves as a guide to drive research that will address the health needs of women and bridge knowledge gaps to improve health outcomes.,” said Kaveeta Vasisht, M.D., Pharm.D., FDA’s Associate Commissioner for Women’s Health and Director, Office of Women’s Health.”

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • Beckers Payer Issues offer sixteen expert opinions about the headwinds facing payers.
  • Modern Healthcare reports,
    • “VillageMD’s tumultuous year continues as Dr. Rishi Sikka, president of Village Medical primary care operations, is leaving the role after one year.
    • “Effective Oct. 21, Sikka will succeed Dale Maxwell as CEO at Presbyterian Healthcare Services, a nine-hospital nonprofit system based in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Maxwell is retiring after 23 years at Presbyterian, according to a Thursday news release.”
  • and
    • “There’s a new morning ritual in Pinedale, Wyoming, a town of about 2,000 nestled against the Wind River Mountains.
    • “Friends and neighbors in the oil- and gas-rich community “take their morning coffee and pull up” to watch workers building the county’s first hospital, said Kari DeWitt, the project’s public relations director.
    • “I think it’s just gratitude,” DeWitt said.
    • “Sublette County is the only one in Wyoming — where counties span thousands of square miles — without a hospital. The 10-bed, 40,000-square-foot hospital, with a similarly sized attached long-term care facility, is slated to open by the summer of 2025.”
  • Kaufmann Hall lets us know,
    • “Hospital financial performance remained relatively stable during the month of August, and despite higher patient volume, revenue and expenses declined on a volume-adjusted basis.
    • “The median Kaufman Hall Calendar Year-To-Date Operating Margin Index reflecting actual margins for the month of August was 4.2%.
    • “The most recent National Hospital Flash Report with August 2024 metrics covers these and other key performance metrics.”
  • Beckers Health IT notes,
    • “Cleveland Clinic expanded its Care at Home program to Weston (Fla.) Hospital, a 258-bed nonprofit facility. 
    • “The program was launched in April 2023 at Cleveland Clinic Indian River Hospital and has since expanded to two other locations. The program reduced hospital readmissions and helped 1,800 patients recover successfully in the first 18 months.
    • “The Care at Home patients are digitally connected to physicians and nurses who continuously monitor them and are available for immediate connection if the patient pushes a button. The program serves patients with congestive heart failure, kidney infections and pneumonia, among other ailments.”
  • Per Healthcare Dive,
    • “Iredell Health System announced this week it completed a deal to purchase two North Carolina-based hospitals from Community Health Systems.
    • “The hospitals include Davis Regional Psychiatric Hospital and Davis Regional Medical Center in Statesville, North Carolina. Terms of the deal were not disclosed. 
    • “The acquisition comes five months after CHS’ previous deal to sell struggling Davis Regional Psychiatric to Novant Health fell apart amid a challenge from the Federal Trade Commission.” 
  • Per BioPharma Dive,
    • “Over the past decade, the medicine Enjaymo has been passed around no less than five times by developers large and small. Now it’s trading hands again, through a deal announced Friday.
    • “Sanofi is selling global rights to Enjaymo to the Italy-based drugmaker Recordati, in exchange for an upfront payment of $825 million. And if the medicine hits certain sales goals, Sanofi could take home up to $250 million more.
    • “For Recordati, which specializes in rare diseases, the deal adds a ninth marketed product to the company’s portfolio. Enjaymo is approved in the U.S., Europe and Japan as a treatment for an uncommon type of anemia. In this condition, known as cold agglutinin disease or CAD, the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys some red blood cells. Enjaymo is designed to tamp down that immune response and spare the cells, thereby decreasing the need for red blood cell transfusions.”

Thursday Miscellany

David Ermer–CMS, Congress, FDA, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, NIH, Rx coverage, U.S. Healthcare, Uncategorized–
Photo by Josh Mills on Unsplash

From Washington, DC

  • The Wall Street Journal reports,
    • “Eli Lilly has finally made enough supply of its popular medicine tirzepatide to meet soaring demand, which should help the company widen its share of the booming weight-loss drug market.
    • “The Food and Drug Administration said late Wednesday that Lilly had resolved the shortage. It had started in 2022, just months after the drug was introduced with the brand Mounjaro for diabetes. Tirzepatide was approved as Zepbound in late 2023 as a weight-loss treatment.
    • ‘The milestone means that compounding pharmacies that make knockoff versions of tirzepatide will likely face new restrictions on what they can produce.
    • “The compounding pharmacies had legal cover to sell knockoff tirzepatide as long as it was on the FDA shortage list, and many patients turned to these products as a cheaper alternative. Yet in announcing the end of the shortage, the FDA said federal law bars compounders from making copies of drugs that aren’t on the shortage list, though they may make certain amounts.
    • “This essentially precludes compounded tirzepatide from being produced commercially,” BMO Capital Markets analysts said.” * * *
    • “Lilly’s rival, Novo Nordisk, also has been expanding its production capacity to resolve shortages of a similar drug, semaglutide, sold as Ozempic for diabetes and Wegovy for weight loss. The lowest dose of Wegovy is currently in shortage, while higher Wegovy doses and all Ozempic doses are available, according to the FDA shortage list.”

  • Per Healthcare Dive,
    • “A bipartisan group of two dozen lawmakers is urging the Biden administration to extend telehealth prescribing flexibilities for opioid use disorder treatment. 
    • “The representatives, led by Reps. Annie Kuster, D-N.H., and Carol Miller, R-W.Va., argued flexibilities allowing telehealth prescriptions of buprenorphine without an in-person visit has increased access to treatment and reduced overdoses.
    • “But those flexibilities are set to expire at the end of the year. Lawmakers also raised concerns that the Drug Enforcement Administration could propose more stringent requirements for telehealth prescriptions of buprenorphine, a medication that be used to treat opioid use disorder, limiting its use just as overdose deaths have begun to decline.” 
  • STAT News reports,
    • “A key aspect of the Democrat-passed law to lower drug prices is significantly more expensive to the government than expected, according to nonpartisan budget experts in Congress.
    • “The redesign of the Medicare Part D drug benefit will cost $10 billion to $20 billion more next year than the Congressional Budget Office initially projected. That office estimates that a separate recently announced program to pay insurers to lower drug premiums will cost $5 billion.”
  • Per Fierce Healthcare,
    • The Biden administration could stand to take a firmer hand on hospital price transparency, especially when it is unclear whether the price data being published are even accurate, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) wrote in a Wednesday report.
      The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has required hospitals to post the prices for numerous services annually and this past summer raised the bar by ensuring hospitals were doing so using a standardized file format.
    • Numerous reports from stakeholders criticized hospitals’ compliance along the way, with hospitals themselves often saying that the requirements were burdensome and often too vague.
    • On instruction from Congress, the GAO conducted a review of the requirements, the CMS’ enforcement and whether the agency’s policy was successfully serving patients, payers and researchers.
    • The GAO interviewed 16 stakeholder groups—representing those three groups—who described difficulties making effective comparisons and compiling the data for large-scale use. These hurdles were tied to inconsistent file formats, pricing complexities that came across poorly in the machine-readable format and what they perceived to be incomplete and inaccurate data sets.
    • “While the use of hospital price transparency data has been limited so far, many stakeholders we interviewed noted that they expect use to increase over time if the data usability challenges are overcome or addressed,” the GAO wrote in the report. “Further, some stakeholders also noted that it will take health plans and employers time to figure out how to effectively use the pricing data as part of their price negotiations and their efforts to develop networks of health care providers.”
  • The GAO also issued a healthcare capsule report on treatment for drug misuse.
  • Per an HHS press release,
    • “As part of the Biden-Harris administration’s efforts to ensure Americans access to affordable medicines and strengthen American medical supply chains, the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR) today announced a $12.3 million agreement with California-based Amyris to expand U.S.-based manufacturing of key starting materials and active pharmaceutical ingredients needed to make essential medicines.” 
  • Tammy Flanagan, writing in Govexec, discusses end of year retirement planning for federal couples.
  • Per an OPM press release,
    • “The U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) has authorized the use of an emergency leave transfer program (ELTP) for federal employees and their families adversely impacted by Tropical Cyclone, Tropical Storm, and Hurricane Helene.    
    • “After coordinating with federal agencies to assess the impact on employees by Tropical Cyclone, Tropical Storm, and Hurricane Helene and its aftermath, OPM, in consultation with the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), has determined that the establishment of an ELTP is warranted. The establishment of an ELTP permits employees in the executive and judicial branches, or agency leave banks established under 5 U.S.C. 6363 to donate unused leave for transfer to employees within their agency or at other agencies who are severely adversely affected or have family members who are severely adversely affected by a major disaster or emergency as declared by the President and who need additional time off from work without having to use their own paid leave. This ELTP will assist federal employees in the declared disaster areas in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Furthermore, if President Biden approves other disaster declarations because of Helene, federal employees in those areas will also become eligible for ELTP donations.”    
  • Federal News Network tells us,
    • “The Merit Systems Protection Board has brought a historic backlog of federal employee adverse action cases down to nearly zero.
    • “By the end of September, MSPB reported that it had issued decisions on 94% of the thousands of federal employee appeal cases that had been sitting stagnant during the record five-year period without a quorum. Between 2017 and 2022, vacant board seats left the agency unable to issue case decisions, and thousands of federal employees without answers on their pending appeals.
    • “As an agency, MSPB aims to protect federal employees against prohibited personnel practices, like whistleblower retaliation, by adjudicating adverse action appeals from employees. But during more than five years without a quorum — which requires at least two of the three board seats to be occupied — MSPB amassed nearly 3,800 pending cases from federal employees looking to appeal a decision on an adverse action.
    • “The process of shrinking the significant case backlog has so far taken about 2.5 years for the current MSPB members. During fiscal 2025, the board expects to fully eliminate the remaining pending cases that built up during the lack of quorum. The agency will likely take the “inherited inventory” down to zero by the end of December, according to an MSPB spokesperson.”

From the public health and medical research front,

  • The Wall Street Journal reports,
    • “The U.S.’s largest maker of intravenous fluids will slash shipments to hospitals after Hurricane Helene took down one of its manufacturing plants in North Carolina. 
    • “Baxter sent letters to hospitals telling them that future shipments of IV fluids would be about 40% of what they normally receive after the storm flooded its facility in Marion, N.C., Dr. Paul Biddinger, chief preparedness and continuity officer at Mass General Brigham in Boston said during a conference call Thursday. 
    • “Mass General Brigham, a prestigious hospital system, said it is continuing to treat patients normally, but is conserving its fluid supplies. This includes switching to oral hydration—Gatorade or water—for patients who are healthy enough for it, and not discarding partially used IV fluid bags when patients are moved to a different part of the hospital, Biddinger said. The organization uses hundreds of thousands of liters of IV fluids each month, and a majority of patients admitted to a hospital receive fluids at some point, Biddinger said.
    • “Right now we’re continuing all of our clinical care as we normally do,” Biddinger said. “Our intent is to preserve clinical care in the face of this shortage as long as we possibly can.” 
  • Beckers Hospital Review identifies the 73 drugs and intravenous fluids made at the flooded Baxter facility.
  • The Washington Post explains “Why fears of human-to-human bird flu spread in Missouri are overblown. Hospital workers reported respiratory symptoms after encountering a Missouri patient with H5N1 who had not been exposed to farm animals. Officials say bird flu transmission is unlikely.”
  • The NIH Director, writing in her blog, tells us,
    • “In recent years, medical researchers have been looking for ways to use artificial intelligence (AI) technology for diagnosing cancer. So far, most AI models have been developed to perform specific tasks in cancer diagnosis, such as detecting cancer presence or predicting a tumor’s genetic profile in certain cancer types. But what if an AI system could be more flexible, like a large language model such as ChatGPT, performing a variety of diagnostic tasks across multiple cancer types?
    • “As reported in the journal Nature, researchers have developed an AI system that can perform a wide range of cancer evaluation tasks and outperforms current AI methods in tasks like cancer cell detection and tumor origin identification. It was tested on 19 cancer types, leading the researchers to refer to it as “ChatGPT-like” in its flexibility. According to the research team, whose work is supported in part by NIH, this is also the first AI model based on analyzing slide images to not only accurately predict if a cancer is likely to respond to treatment, but also to validate these predictions across multiple patient groups around the world.” * * *
    • “This is all good news, but there’s much more work ahead before an AI model like this could be used in the clinic. Next steps for the researchers include training the model on images of tissues from rare cancers, as well as from pre-cancerous and non-cancerous conditions. With continued development and validation, the researchers aim to enable the system to identify cancers most likely to benefit from targeted or experimental therapies in hopes of improving outcomes for more people with cancer in diverse clinical settings around the world.”
  • Healio informs us,
    • “The addition of HPV vaccination into routine postpartum care may increase vaccination rates, which can reduce patient costs, prevent HPV-related cancers and vaccinate vulnerable populations, researchers reported in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 
    • “The postpartum period has been identified as a missed opportunity for HPV vaccination counseling and administration,” Sara E. Brenner, MD, MPH, third-year resident in the department of gynecology and obstetrics at Emory University School of Medicine, and colleagues wrote. “Many vaccinations are already given routinely in the postpartum period such as the Tdap and the measles-mumps-rubella vaccines. These are often incorporated into perinatal workflows so that patients are routinely educated on their options for vaccination during their prenatal visits and postpartum patients can receive them before leaving the hospital.”
  • The American Hospital Association News informs us about “refreshed webpages dedicated to maternal and child health. The redesigned platform offers three distinct subpages focused on Better Health for Mothers and Babies, child and adolescent health, and advocacy and policy. Hospitals and health systems are encouraged to explore the tools and resources, such as case studies, podcasts, infographics and action plans to drive their own improvement in maternal and child health.”
  • Per STAT News,
    • “Apple Watch may help keep people with Parkinson’s disease out of the hospital. That’s according to early data from a Kaiser Permanente pilot program.
    • “Since late 2023, Kaiser Permanente has been giving some of its Parkinson’s patients in California an Apple Watch app called StrivePD, developed by Rune Labs. The app uses the onboard sensors in the device to track tremors associated with the disease; dyskinesia, a side effect of medication; activity; sleep; and falls. Using Rune’s software, people can also track medication intake and other data.” * * *
    • “Kaiser and Rune presented data from 138 patients enrolled in the program at the International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders in late September. In a limited run, the program reduced patient visits to the emergency department by 42% and reduced visits to movement disorder specialists by 18%. Three-quarters of people in the program reported that they found StrivePD helpful for staying on top of medications.
    • “It’s important to note that the data is only a snapshot from the first 100 days that people are in the program. It is not a randomized control that researchers would want to see to establish the benefits of a treatment program. And the data has not been published in a peer-reviewed publication.”

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • The Wall Street Journal reports this evening,
    • “U.S. dockworkers agreed to return to work after port operators sweetened their contract offer, ending a three-day strike that threatened to disrupt the American economy.
    • “The breakthrough Thursday came after port employers offered a 62% increase in wages over six years, according to people familiar with the matter.
    • “The agreement ends a strike that had closed container ports from Maine to Texas and threatened to disrupt everything from the supply of bananas in supermarkets to the flow of cars through America’s factories.”
  • Per Fierce Healthcare,
    • “Another significant legal headache related to star ratings is on the table of the federal government just days before open enrollment begins.
    • “UnitedHealthcare companies in various states are suing the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) for decreasing the insurer’s star ratings unfairly. They are looking for an injunction and corrected ratings before Oct. 15.
    • “The plaintiffs allege one metric, call center customer service performance, was downgraded based on an “arbitrary and capricious assessment” of one phone call [by a CMS test caller] that lasted eight minutes. It caused the insurer to earn a four-star rating on the call center measure instead of a five-star rating.”
    • UnitedHealthcare said the star ratings downgrade would “misinform millions of current and potential customers” from choosing their plans, the insurer said in the lawsuit.
  • Per BioPharma Dive,
    • “Eli Lilly on Wednesday announced plans to spend $4.5 billion on a new facility that will use advancements in technology for research and manufacturing.
    • “Dubbed the Lilly Medicine Foundry, the new site will be located in the “LEAP Research and Innovation District” in Lebanon, Indiana. The latest infusion of cash brings Lilly’s investment in the LEAP district to more than $13 billion.
    • “The facility will allow Lilly to produce medicines for clinical trials while also researching new methods of manufacturing, the company said. Technologies developed at the foundry can then be deployed at other production sites around the world.”

Midweek Update

David Ermer–CMS, COVID-19 vaccine, Federal employment benefits, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, NIH, OPM, Rx coverage, U.S. Healthcare–

From Washington, DC,

  • Per an HHS press release,
    • “As part of the continued implementation of the Biden-Harris Administration’s historic prescription drug law, the Inflation Reduction Act, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), through the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), released final guidance – PDF
       today outlining the process for the second cycle of negotiations under the Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program. The guidance also explains how CMS will help ensure people with Medicare can access drugs at the negotiated prices from the first and second cycles when those prices become effective beginning in 2026 and 2027, respectively.” * * *
    • “For the fact sheet on the Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program Final Guidance for Initial Price Applicability Year 2027 and Manufacturer Effectuation of the Maximum Fair Price in 2026 and 2027, visit https://www.cms.gov/files/document/fact-sheet-medicare-drug-price-negotiation-program-ipay-2027-final-guidance-and-mfp-effectuation.pdf – PDF“
      .
  • Modern Healthcare lets us know,
    • “Getting top quality scores will continue to be a challenge for Medicare Advantage insurers that had grown accustomed to high star ratings and lucrative bonus payments.
    • “That’s because the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is elevating most of the “cut points” used to calculate 2025 Medicare Advantage star ratings, according to financial analysts and consultants who previewed the agency’s guidelines before the highly anticipated release of the latest ratings later this month. Cut points are the upper and lower thresholds for each measure that collectively generates a plan’s overall score on a one-to-five scale.
    • “Higher cut points will make it more difficult for plans to score better or even retain current ratings for individual metrics, said Alexis Levy, senior partner at HealthScape Advisors, which is part of the consultancy Chartis Group.
    • “If you’re a health plan and your performance stay the same, but the cut points move, you could lose a star rating on a given measure because you didn’t keep up with the overall market,” Levy said.”
  • The Wall Street Journal adds,
    • “Humana shares slid more than 10% Wednesday after the health insurer warned that a steep drop in the federal government’s quality ratings of its Medicare plans could hit its results in 2026.
    • “Humana said it has about 25% of its members currently enrolled in plans rated four stars and above for 2025 based on preliminary 2025 Medicare Advantage ratings data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, down from 94% this year. 
    • ‘The quality ratings, on a scale of one to five stars, are tied to bonuses paid to insurers. The downgrade could have a huge revenue impact in 2026, with analysts suggesting a range of figures, from less than $2 billion to far higher.
    • “The scale of the drop is a shock,” said Sarah James, an analyst with Cantor Fitzgerald, who projected the shift in stars could affect nearly $3 billion in 2026 revenue if Humana isn’t able to alleviate it.”
  • FedWeek offers a generic comparison of 2025 FEHB and PSHB plans.
  • Fedsmith delves into the recent FEHB / PSHB premium increase.

From the public health and medical research front,

  • STAT News reports,
    • “U.S. health officials have run into obstacles in their efforts to determine whether a Missouri person infected with H5N1 bird flu passed the virus on to others, causing a delay that will likely fuel concerns about the possibility that there has been human-to-human transmission.
    • “The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has blood samples from several health workers and a household contact of the Missouri case that it plans to test for antibodies that would indicate whether they too had been infected with the virus, an agency official told STAT.
    • “But the CDC has had to develop a new test to look for those antibodies because key genetic changes to the main protein on the exterior of the virus found in the Missouri case meant the agency’s existing tests might not have been reliable, Demetre Daskalakis, director of the CDC’s National Center on Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, said in an interview. He suggested it will be mid-October before the work can be completed.
    • “The antibodies that would grow in the person exposed to that virus would then be different then the antibodies that would grow in a person who had a virus without those mutations,” Daskalakis said.
    • “Developing the new test has been challenging because the sample from the patient contained so little viral material that the CDC was not able to grow whole viruses from it. Instead, its scientists have had to reverse engineer H5N1 viruses that contain the changes to use them as the basis for the new serology test, he said.”
  • Healio informs us,
    • “Adults who more frequently consumed several flavonoid-rich foods, like berries and tea, had a significantly lower risk for dementia, according to an analysis published in JAMA Network Open.
    • “Certain individuals, like those with depressive symptoms or hypertension, benefited even more from higher adherence to a flavonoid-rich diet, the researchers found.
    • “Flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods have been previously tied to reduced risk for several diseases and health outcomes, including type 2 diabetes and mortality in those with colorectal cancer.”
  • Health Day adds,
    • “Folks who received the three doses of a COVID vaccine got heart protection, too
    • “The protection translated to reduced risk of serious heart problems stemming from a COVID infection
    • “However, the short-term risk of a serious heart complication owing to the vaccine was real but rare.”
  • Per an NIH press release,
    • “A scientific team supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) unveiled the first complete map of the neural connections of the common fruit fly brain. The map provides a wiring diagram, known as a connectome, and is the largest and most complete connectome of an adult animal ever created. This work offers critical information about how brains are wired and the signals that underlie healthy brain functions. The study, which details over 50 million connections between more than 130,000 neurons, appears as part of a package of nine papers in the journal Nature.  
    • “The diminutive fruit fly is surprisingly sophisticated and has long served as a powerful model for understanding the biological underpinnings of behavior,” said John Ngai, Ph.D., director of NIH’s Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies Initiative®, or The BRAIN Initiative®. “This milestone not only provides researchers a new set of tools for understanding how the circuits in the brain drive behavior, but importantly serves as a forerunner to ongoing BRAIN-funded efforts to map the connections of larger mammalian and human brains.”
  • The American Hospital Association News notes,
    • “As health care environments shift, hospitals and health systems can experience challenges in adjusting their infection and prevention control practices to accommodate the changes. AHA examined these challenges in partnership with member hospitals and Upstream Thinking and determined that using human-centered design can help identify ways to improve upon current practice. READ MORE “

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • KFF finds,
    • “One or two health systems controlled the entire market for inpatient hospital care in nearly half (47%) of metropolitan areas in 2022.
    • “In more than four of five metropolitan areas (82%), one or two health systems controlled more than 75 percent of the market.
    • ‘Nearly all (97% of) metropolitan areas had highly concentrated markets for inpatient hospital care when applying HHI thresholds from antitrust guidelines to MSAs.”
  • Modern Healthcare reports,
    • “Independent lab companies have continued their transaction spree in 2024, either by forming partnerships with hospitals and health systems or by outright acquiring some of their lab assets.
    • “Quest Diagnostics has announced seven acquisitions this year, including its recent purchase of select lab assets from Minneapolis-based Allina Health. Slated to close later this year are deals with OhioHealth in Columbus and University Hospitals in Cleveland.
    • ‘Meanwhile, Labcorp has closed three acquisitions this year, with Springfield, Massachusetts-based Baystate Health, Renton, Washington-based Providence Health and Services and Naples, Florida-based NCH Healthcare System. It recently announced plans to acquire the lab assets of Johnson City, Tennessee-based Ballad Health in a deal expected to close in December.”
  • The American Hospital Association News points out,
    • “The Department of Health and Human Services Sept. 30 released a statement on the dockworker strike at ports along the East and Gulf coasts, saying that immediate impacts to medicines, medical devices and other goods should be limited. HHS, the Food and Drug Administration and the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response are working with trade associations, distributors and manufacturers to limit impacts on consumers and assess vulnerabilities. The AHA is monitoring the situation.  
    • “According to Healthcare Ready, a nonprofit organization that works with the government, providers, and supply chain organizations to enhance the resiliency of communities before, during and after disasters, a substantial number of pharmaceuticals commonly used in the care of patients come through the ports every day. Given the shortages that already exist for many medications, and the disruption in the supply of IV solutions caused by the flooding of the Baxter plant in North Carolina, AHA will be alert for potential shortages of vital pharmaceuticals related to the strike.”
  • Per Healthcare Dive,
    • A major California health plan has struck a novel deal directly with a drug manufacturer for a cheaper version of Humira, cutting out pharmacy benefit managers — controversial middlemen in the drug supply chain that typically control access to medication — entirely.
    • As a result of the deal, Blue Shield of California will purchase a Humira biosimilar for $525 per monthly dose, significantly below the drug’s net price of $2,100.
    • The biosimilar will be available for most of BSCA’s commercial members at $0 co-pay starting Jan. 1, 2025, according to the insurer, which announced the deal Tuesday.

Happy New Federal Fiscal Year!

David Ermer–CDC, CMS, Congress, Medical / Rx research, Medicare, U.S. Healthcare–

From Washington, DC,

  • The FEHBlog was in college when Congress moved the beginning of the federal fiscal year from July 1 to October 1 to give Congress more time to decide on appropriations.
  • Congratulations to former President Jimmy Carter who turned 100 years old today. Mr. Carter is the first former President to reach the century mark. The FEHBlog heard on the radio today that October 1, 1924, was only 98 and 1/4 years after July 4, 1826, the date when Presidents John Adams and Thomas Jefferson passed away.
  • Blue Cross FEP has posted its 2025 benefits information on the internet.
  • CMS has turned on its 2025 Medicare open enrollment decision making tool, and Fierce Healthcare discusses the various Medicare Advantage offerings. The Medicare open enrollment period begins on October 15 and ends on December 7, 2024.
  • The Department of Labor launched an online tool that “provides access to more than 700 accommodation ideas for workers with disabilities and their employers.”
  • BioPharma Dive points out five FDA decisions to watch in the fourth quarter of 2024. “Over the next three months, the agency could approve a rival to a fast-selling Pfizer heart drug, a much-debated lung cancer medicine and an addition to Vertex’s dominant cystic fibrosis business.”
  • The American Hospital Association News lets us know,
    • “The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Sept. 30 released a report on the hospital-at-home program, which found that patients and caregivers overall had positive experiences in the program. Patients in the H@H program were more likely to be white, urban-living and less likely to receive Medicaid or low-income subsidies. The report does not provide insight into the criteria participating hospitals use to identify patients suitable for H@H care but does note that hospitals used evidence and an awareness of their own capacity to support care in the home to establish their criteria. Patients were most commonly treated for respiratory, circulatory and renal conditions, as well as infectious diseases. The study also found that H@H patients had a lower mortality rate than those in brick-and-mortar facilities but had a slightly longer length of stay.”

From the public health and medical research front,

  • The New York Times reports,
    • “Rates of breast cancer — the second leading cause of cancer deaths in U.S. women — climbed by 1 percent a year from 2012 to 2021, and even more sharply among women under age 50 and among Asian American/Pacific Islander women of all ages, according to an American Cancer Society report published on Tuesday.
    • “The biennial report is among the most comprehensive and detailed studies of breast cancer occurrence over recent years. One in 50 U.S. women will develop invasive breast cancer by the age of 50, the authors said, based on National Cancer Institute calculations.
    • “The sharpest increases in young adults by age during the decade were among women in their 20s, whose rate increased by about 2.2 percent a year, though their absolute risk remains very low, at about 6.5 per 100,000 women. 
    • “Among Asian American/Pacific Islander women, who historically also have had a low prevalence of the disease, rates increased by 2.7 percent a year among those under 50, and by 2.5 percent a year among older women.”
  • STAT News informs us,
    • “Across all kinds of cancer, Black Americans have higher rates of mortality and, often, more aggressive forms of the disease. A growing body of research suggests the reasons may not have to do with African ancestry as much as social and environmental factors like racism, housing discrimination, and — according to a new study — exposure to pollution.
    • “The study, published in Nature Communications, found that in several types of cancer, Black patients had more cancers with extra copies of genes. But the team found that these genetic duplications, which can make cancers more aggressive, didn’t seem to be linked to anything ancestral. Rather, the team reported genetic duplications were more likely in cells exposed to pollutants.
    • “What this paper hints at, is that we’re seeing something which looks like a genetic difference, but the source of that might actually not be genetic — it’s more environmental,” said Kanika Arora, a computational biologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering who was not involved with the new study.” * * *
    • “[T]he study highlights the need to reduce people’s exposure to pollutants and the importance of prioritizing genetic screening to understand a person’s individual cancer risk, according to Melissa Davis, the head of the Institute of Genomic Medicine at Morehouse School of Medicine. Davis also notes if pollutants are driving disparate cancer rates, cancer treatment and prevention methods need to change accordingly.”  
  • MedPage Today tells us,
    • “Nearly 11% of older adults with an injurious fall were diagnosed with dementia 1 year later.
    • “Compared with other traumatic injuries, falls were tied to a 21% increased risk of a subsequent dementia diagnosis.
    • “Findings support cognitive screening for older adults who have a fall that involves an ED visit or hospital admission.”
  • McKinsey & Co. interview “Marcus Schindler, executive vice president for R&D and chief scientific officer at Novo Nordisk. They discuss how Novo Nordisk is expanding its external innovation capabilities and moving into new therapeutic areas. They also explore his efforts to embed AI throughout the R&D organization, establish Novo Nordisk as a leader of AI ecosystems (in Boston and beyond), and eventually advance from treating diseases to curing them, with help from AI.

From the U.S. healthcare business front,

  • Healthcare Dive reports
    • “CVS plans to lay off 2,900 workers amid swirling reports that the healthcare behemoth is undergoing a strategic review, including a potential breakup of its businesses.
    • “The layoffs, which were confirmed by a CVS spokesperson, will affect about 1% of CVS’ 300,000 employees.
    • “CVS unveiled a plan to cut $2 billion in costs this summer in a bid to bolster flagging operational performance amid rising costs for its health insurance arm Aetna and shaky reimbursement at its pharmacies.”
  • Per Fierce Healthcare,
    • “On the same day that Johnson & Johnson confirmed layoffs at its home base in New Jersey, the company made waves with a major manufacturing announcement in Wilson, North Carolina. 
    • “J&J is planning to build a state-of-the-art biologics plant to provide supplies for treatments across the oncology, immunology and neuroscience treatment areas, J&J said in a Tuesday press release. Construction is slated to begin in the first half of 2025, and the site will have a workforce of 420 once fully operational. 
    • “The company’s total investment in the site is expected to reach “more than $2 billion,” according to J&J’s release.”
  • Beckers Payer Issues tells us five things to know about United Healthcare’s prior authorization gold card which launched today.
  • Beckers Hospital Review notes,
    • “Dallas-based Tenet Healthcare has completed the sale of its 70% majority ownership interest in Birmingham, Ala.-based Brookwood Baptist Health to Orlando (Fla.) Health,” and offers six things to know about the transaction.
  • and
    • Detroit-based Henry Ford Health and Ascension Michigan have officially launched their joint venture to improve healthcare access, experience and outcomes and offers seven things to know about this joint venture.
  • The Wall Street Journal explores the future of dental care.
    • “Imagine a world where you could regenerate a missing tooth with a single drug, and microrobots clean your teeth every night.
    • “That future is getting closer, scientists say. “We are really looking for disruptive technology,” says Dr. Hyun (Michel) Koo, co-founding director of the Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry at the University of Pennsylvania.”